DEFENSE MECHANISMS OF GINGIVA

& HOST RESPONSE

By ,
Prathusha.U
CRI
● The predominant cell type in gingival crevicular fluid is
the:
a) Mast cell
b) Plasma cell
c) Macrophage
d) Polymorphonuclear leukocyte
● D. Polymorphonuclear leukocyte

● The predominant cell type in GCF is the PMN. They

account for 92% of the total leukocytes while the
mononuclear cells account for 8%.
● Gingival crevicular fluid is measured using:
a) Whatman's filter paper
b) Ph paper.
c) Mylar strip
d) Litmus paper.
● A.Whatman's filter paper
● The predominant immunoglobulinin sulcular fluid is:
 A. IgA
 B. IgG
 C. IgM
 D. IgE
● B. IgG

• Predominant immunoglobulin in GCF - lgG

• Predominant immunoglobulin in Saliva - IgA
● Orogranulocytes are:
 A. Granulocytes present in the gingival connective
tissue
 B. Mast cells present in the GCF
 C. PMNs reaching the oral cavity through
subepithelium
 D. All of the above
● C. PMNs reaching the oral cavity through subepithelium

● Orogranulocytes are the PMNs that reach the oral cavity by

migrating through the lining of the gingival sulcus.
● Drug which reaches maximum concentration in
gingival fluid is:
 A. Tetracycline
 B. Penicillin
 C. Erythromycin
 D. Sulphonamide
● A. Tetracycline

● Concentration of tetracycline in gingival fluid is 2-10 times

(average 7 times) that of plasma.
● Which cell type migrates into the gingival sulcus in
large numbers in response to dental plaque?
 A. Mast cells
 B. Neutrophils
 C. Lymphocytes
 D. Plasma cells
● B. Neutrophils
●  Sulcular fluid does not perform one of the following functions:
 A. Contains plasma proteins which may improve adhesion
 B. Possess antimicrobial properties
 C. Exerts antibody activity
 D. Provides nutrition to junctional epithelium via diffusion
● D. Provides nutrition to junctional epithelium via
diffusion
● Glucose levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) are:
 A. Equal to glucose levels in serum
 B. Zero
 C. 3-4 times greater then serum levels
 D. more than 10 times the serum levels
●  C. 3-4 times greater then serum levels

● Glucose concentration in GCF is 3-4 times greater than in

serum. This is not only due to the metabolic activity of
adjacent tissues, but also as a function of the local
microbial flora.
● It is likely that cell mediated immune reactions (delayed
hypersensitivity) occur in periodontitis because subjects with
periodontitis have:
 A. High levels of histamine in involved gingival tissue
 B. IgG antibodies reactive with plaque bacterial antigens
 C. T lymphocytes sensitized to bacterial plaque antigens
 D. High levels of collagenase in gingival fluids
●  C. T lymphocytes sensitized to bacterial plaque antigens

● Cell mediated immune reactions or delayed hypersensitivity

does not involve antibodies but is based on the interaction of
antigens with surface of T-lymphocytes.
● Leukotoxin:
 A. kills neutrophils
 B. attracts neutrophils
 C. aggregates neutrophils
 D. enhances phagocyte activity
● A. kills neutrophils
● The most potent bone resorbing interleukin is:
 A. IL-8
 B. IL-1B
 C. IL-5
 D. IL-3
● B. IL-1 B

● Interluekin 1 (a and b) includes Osteoclast Activating

Factor (OAF) which causes bone resorption and
Lymphocyte Activating Factor (LAF) which has the ability to
stimulate proliferation of T cells.
● Leukotoxin is released by:
 A. P. nucleatum
 B. A. naeslundii
 C. B. Forsythia
 D. A. actinomycetem comitans
●  D. A. actinomycetem comitans
● Plaque is considered as infection because:
 A. Antibiotics prevent its formation
 B. Its presence is evidence of bacterial growth
 C. It is communicable between experimental animals and probably
humans.
 D. All of the above
● D. All of the above
● The gingival crevicular fluid is increased in all except:
 A. Gingivitis
 B. Smoking
 C. Periodontal pocket
 D. Trauma from occlusion
●  D. Trauma from occlusion
● The inorganic component of subgingival plaque is derived from:
 A. Saliva
 B. Gingival crevicular fluid
 C. Inorganic matter of tooth
 D. Food Debris
●  B. Gingival crevicular fluid
● Gingival fluid is a:
 A. Transudate
 B. Exudate
 C. Can be either of the two (transudate and exudate)
 D. Neither of the two (transudate and exudate)
●  B. Exudate
● What are the cells that produce PGE2 in the periodontium ?
 A. Macrophages
 B. Fibroblasts
 C. Neutrophils
 D. Both Macrophages and Fibroblasts
●  D. Both Macrophages and Fibroblasts
● To identify microorganism in periodontal disease, Koch's
postulate have been modified by:
 A. Socransky
 B. Glickman
 C. Russel
 D. Vermillion
●
A. Socransky
 
● The bacterial enzyme detected in gingival crevicular fluid is
a) Fibronectin
b) Cytokines
c) Phospholipase
d) Myeloperoxidase
● c) Phospholipase
● Paper points, micropipette and pre weighed twisted threads are
used to collect?
a) GCF
b) Saliva
c) Bacteria
d) Serum
● A) GCF