Module 1

REVIEW ON
FUNCTIONS

GENERAL MATHEMATICS
• A relation is a set of numbers grouped with
each other that may or may not represent a
pattern. It is simply a set of ordered pairs
such as (x, y).
 What is a function?

GENERAL MATHEMATICS
Definition of a Function:

• It is a relation define as a set of ordered

pairs (x, y) where no two or more distinct
ordered pairs have the same first element
(x).
• Every value of x corresponds to a unique
value of y

GENERAL MATHEMATICS
Examples:
• Illustrations below are examples of a
function

GENERAL MATHEMATICS
Is it a function or not?

GENERAL MATHEMATICS
 What is the difference
between a function and a
relation?

GENERAL MATHEMATICS
RELATIONS versus FUNCTIONS
RELATIONS FUNCTIONS
A relation is a rule that A function is a relation
relates values from a where each element in
set of values called the the domain is related to
domain to a second set only one value in the
of values called the range by some rule.
range.

GENERAL MATHEMATICS
RELATIONS versus FUNCTIONS
RELATIONS FUNCTIONS
The elements of the The elements of the
domain can be imagines domain can be imagined
as input to a machine as input to a machine
that applies rule to that applies a rule so that
these inputs to generate each input corresponds
one or more outputs. to only one output.

GENERAL MATHEMATICS
RELATIONS versus FUNCTIONS
RELATIONS FUNCTIONS

A relation is also a set of A function is a set of

ordered pairs (x, y). ordered pairs (x, y) such
that no two ordered pairs
have the same x-value
but different y-values.

GENERAL MATHEMATICS
Is it a function or not?

a. f = {(0, -1), (2, -5), (4, -9), (6,-13)}

b. r ={(a, 0), (b, -1), (c, 0), (d, -1)}
c. g = (5, -10), (25, -50), (50, -100)
d. t = {(-2, 0), (-1, 1), (0, 1), (-2, 2)}

GENERAL MATHEMATICS
 What is a table of
values?

GENERAL MATHEMATICS
 Table of Values
a

• Atable values is commonly

of
observed when describing a function.
• This shows the correspondence
between a set of values of x and a set
of values of y in a tabular form.

GENERAL MATHEMATICS
 Examples of Table of Values
a

x 0 1 4 9 16
y -5 -4 -1 4 11

x -1 -1/4 0 1/4 1
y -1 - 1/2 0 1/2 1

GENERAL MATHEMATICS
 Is it a function or not?

1. A jeepney and its plate number

2. A student and his ID number
3. A teacher and his cellular
phone
4. A pen and the color of its ink

GENERAL MATHEMATICS
 What is a vertical line
test?

GENERAL MATHEMATICS
 Vertical Line Test
a

• The vertical line test for a function

states that if each vertical line
intersects a graph in the x-y plane at
exactly one point, then the graph
illustrates a function.

GENERAL MATHEMATICS
 Is this a function or not?

GENERAL MATHEMATICS
 Is this a function or not?

GENERAL MATHEMATICS
 Relationship Between the Independent
and Dependent Variables

Process
Input (equation Output
(value of x) rule) (value of y)

GENERAL MATHEMATICS
 Examples:

1. Find the value of y in the equation

y = 10x – 3 if x = - 5.
2. Find the value of x if the value of
yin the equation 𝐲 = 𝟑 𝒙 + 𝟖 is 2.
𝒙 −
𝟐

GENERAL MATHEMATICS
 Applications:
1. A car has travelled a distance of 124
kilometers in 4 hours. Find the speed of the
car.
2. The volume of the cube is defined by the
function 𝑽 = 𝒔 𝟑 where s is the length of
the edge.
• What is the volume of the cube if the
length of the edge is 5 cm?
• What is the length of its edge if its
volume is 728 cubic meters?
GENERAL MATHEMATICS