CHI-SQUARED:

Test for Goodness of Fit

ALPHONSE MARI P. LIGUTAN, CPA

Managerial Statistics, MBA1
 TEST OF GOODNESS OF FIT

Test claims about population proportions.

A nonparametric test that is performed on randomly sampled categorical

data (nominal or ordinal).

Determines how well the observed sample

proportions match or fit the expected proportions.
Problem
In the 2005 Brgy. Ermita census, the ages of individuals
were found to be the following:

Less than 18 y.o. 18-35 Greater than 35

20% 30% 50%

In 2015, ages of 100 individuals were sampled and the

results are:
Less than 18 y.o. 18-35 Greater than 35
24 58 18

Using =0.01, =0.05 and =0.10, would you conclude that the
population distribution of ages has changed in the last ten years?
 Less than 18 18-35 Greater than
y.o. 35
Observed 242 576 182
Expected

Less than 18 y.o. 18-35 Greater than 35

20% 30% 50%

X Sample Size 1,000 1,000 1,000

Expected 20 30 50
 Less than 18 18-35 Greater than
y.o. 35
Observed 24 58 18
Expected 20 30 50

1. Define the Hypotheses

2. State the Alphas (Level of Significance)
3. Determine Degrees of Freedom (df)
4. State Decision Rule
5. Calculate Test Statistic
6. Results
7. State Conclusions
 Less than 18-35 Greater
18 y.o. than 35
The Hypotheses: Observed
Expected
24
20
58
30
18
50

Но: There are no changes in population distribution of the ages of individuals in

Brgy. Ermita from 2005 to 2015.

HA: There are changes in in population distribution of the ages of individuals in

Brgy. Ermita from 2005 to 2015.
 Less than 18-35 Greater
18 y.o. than 35
Alphas and df Observed
Expected
24
20
58
30
18
50

Level of Degrees of Table Chi Value Decision Rule

Significance Freedom
df= k-1
=0.01 df=3-1
df= 2

=0.05 2

=0.10 2
 Level of Degrees of Table Chi Value Decision Rule
Significance Freedom
df= k-1
=0.01 df=3-1
df= 2

=0.05 2

=0.10 2
 Less than 18-35 Greater
18 y.o. than 35
Observed 24 58 18
Expected 20 30 50

Level of Degrees of Table Chi Value Decision Rule

Significance Freedom
df= k-1
=0.01 df=3-1 9.21 If computed χ2 > 9.21, reject Но
df= 2

If computed χ2 > 5.99, reject Но

=0.05 2 5.99

If computed χ2 > 4.61, reject Но

=0.10 2 4.61
Chi-square Distribution

=0.05
=0.01
=0.10

df=2
 Less than 18-35 Greater
18 y.o. than 35
Calculate the Test Statistic Observed 24 58 18
Expected 20 30 50

2
=


2
=  + = 0.80 + 26.13 + 20.48

2
= 47.41
 Less than 18-35 Greater
18 y.o. than 35
Decision Observed
Expected
24
20
58
30
18
50

Lvl. Of Degrees of Table Chi Computed

Decision Rule
Sig. Freedom Value Chi Value Decision
df= k-1 If computed χ2 > 9.21, reject
=0.01 df=3-1 9.21 47.41 reject Но
Но
df= 2
If computed χ2 > 5.99, reject
47.41 Но reject Но
=0.05 2 5.99

If computed χ2 > 4.61, reject

47.41 Но reject Но
=0.10 2 4.61
 Less than 18-35 Greater
18 y.o. than 35
Conclusion Observed
Expected
24
20
58
30
18
50

There are changes in in population distribution of the ages of individuals in Brgy.

Ermita from 2005 to 2015.

The ages of the 2015 population of Brgy. Ermita are different than those expected
base on the 2005 population.
 CHI-SQUARED:
Test for Goodness of Fit

ALPHONSE MARI P. LIGUTAN, CPA

Managerial Statistics, MBA1 Thank you!