A World With Many

Climatess

Prepared by:
Hisyl P. Encallado
BSE General Science 4B
Climatic Controls
-factors that produce the climate in any given place

1. Intensity of sunshine and its variation with latitude

2. Distribution of land and water
3. Ocean currents
4. Prevailing winds
5. Positions of high and low pressure areas
6. Mountain barriers
7. Altitude
Global Temperatures
Global Precipitation
 The Köppen System
• devised by the famous German scientist Waldimir Köppen (1846–
1940)
• Köppen’s scheme employs five major climatic types; each type is
designated by a capital letter:
A-Tropical moist climates
B- Dry climates
C- Moist mid-latitude climates with mild winters
D-Moist mid-latitude climates with severe winters
E-Polar climates
 Köppen Classification System
A-Tropical moist climates
• All months have an average temperature above 18°C (64°F). Since
all months are warm, there is no real winter season.
B-Dry climates
• Deficient precipitation most of the year.
• Potential evaporation and transpiration exceed precipitation.
C-Moist mid-latitude climates with mild winters
• Warm-to-hot summers with mild winters.
 Köppen Classification System
D-Moist mid-latitude climates with severe winters
• Warm summers and cold winters.
• The average temperature of the warmest month exceeds 10°C
(50°F), and the coldest monthly average drops below –3°C (27°F).
E-Polar climates
• Extremely cold winters and summers.
• The average temperature of the warmest month is below 10°C
(50°F).
 SUMMARY
• The climate controls are the factors that govern the climate of any
given region.
• The hottest places on earth tend to occur in the subtropical deserts
of the Northern Hemisphere, where clear skies and sinking air,
coupled with low humidity and a high summer sun beating down
upon a relatively barren landscape, produce extreme heat.
• The coldest places on earth tend to occur in the interior of high-
latitude landmasses. The coldest areas of the Northern Hemisphere
are found in the interior of Siberia and Greenland, whereas the
coldest area of the world is the Antarctic.
 SUMMARY
• The wettest places in the world tend to be located on the
windward side of mountains where warm, humid air rises
upslope. On the downwind (leeward) side of a mountain there
often exists a “dry” region, known as a rain shadow.
• Köppen’s scheme employs five major climatic types; each type is
designated by a capital letter: A-Tropical moist climates, B- Dry
climates, C- Moist mid-latitude climates with mild winters, D-Moist
mid-latitude climates with severe winters, E-Polar climates.
Thank you for listening