Safety, Health, Well-

being & Security

Reported By: LSCM12FB1
Valenzona, Ronnalyn
Velasco, Erick Jose
Villanueva, Lady Jewel
LEARNING OUTCOMES
1.Identify and discuss the central elements associated with
employee safety and health
2.Describe the basic issues involved in the physical work
environment
3.Discuss stress and stress-management programs in
organizations
4.Identify and describe the most important HR-related security
issues in organizations
 Employee Safety and Health
• Safety hazards: Conditions in the work
environment that have the potential to
cause harm to an employee
• Health hazards: Characteristics of the
work environment that more slowly and
systematically result in damage to an
employee’s health
 Common Workplace Hazards and
Threats
• Factors that can cause accidents in the workplace:
• Characteristics of physical environment
• Defective equipment and tools
• Poor lighting and poor or improper ventilation
• Improper dress and poor housekeeping
• Personal actions
• Chemicals, toxic fumes, and secondary smoke
Categories of Occupational Illnesses
• Occupational skin diseases or disorders
• Dust diseases of the lungs
• Respiratory conditions because of toxic agents
• Poisoning
• Disorders resulting from physical agents
• Disorders associated with repeated trauma
• Other categories of occupational illness
Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA)
• Authorized the U.S. government to
create various standards regarding
occupational safety and health
• Responsibility for enforcing standards
lies with the Department of Labor
• Inspectors visit places of employment
randomly or by invitation from an
employer, an employee, or a union
 Occupational Safety and Health Act
(OSHA) (Continued)

•Requires that employers:

•Maintain highly specific and
standardized records of illnesses and
injuries that occur
•Report accidents and illnesses that
result in death at the workplace
immediately
Controlling Accidents at Work
• Designing more safety into the workplace through
a process called safety engineering
• Safety engineers are experts who:
• Study the workplace
• Try to identify and isolate particularly
dangerous situations
• Recommend solutions for dealing with those
situations
Controlling Accidents at Work (Cont.)

•Providing protective clothing and safety

devices to employees
•Providing training on:
•Safest work procedures that the
organization can identify
•Following safe work procedures
•Reporting unsafe conditions to managers
The Physical Environment
• Hours of work
• Compressed schedules cause fatigue and
hamper productivity
• Employees may find it difficult to adjust to
changes in the body's circadian rhythm
• Illumination, temperature, office, and work
space design influence attitudes at work
Stress and Stress Management at Work
• Stress: Person’s adaptive response to a
stimulus that places excessive psychological
or physical demands
• General sets of organizational stressors
• Task demands
• Physical demands
• Role demands
• Interpersonal demands
General Sets of Organizational Stressors
Task demands
• Stressors associated with the specific job a person performs

Physical demands
• Stressors related to the job setting
Role demands
• Stress results from either role ambiguity or role conflict that people experience
in groups
Interpersonal demands
• Group pressure, leadership style, and conflicting personalities and behaviors
Differences in How One Experiences Stress

• Type A personality: Highly competitive and

highly focused on work with few interests
outside of work
• Type B personality: Tend to be less
aggressive, more patient, and more easygoing
• Hardiness: Individual difference that allows
some individuals to experience less stress
when dealing with stressful events
Differences in How One Experiences Stress (Cont)

• Individuals high in self-esteem are less

susceptible to the problems associated
with stress
• Gender determines how one
experiences stress
Consequences of Stress at Work

• Individual consequences
• Behavioral, psychological, and medical
• Organizational consequences
• Decline in performance and change in attitudes
• Burnout: Feeling of exhaustion
• Develops when an individual simultaneously
experiences too much pressure and too few
sources of satisfaction
Consequences of Stress at Work (Continued)
• Dysfunctional behavior: Any behavior at
work that is counterproductive
• Turnover: People leaving their jobs,
whether voluntarily or involuntarily
• Feigned absenteeism
• Theft and sabotage
• Sexual and racial harassment
Wellness Programs in Organizations

• Institutional programs: Undertaken through

established organizational mechanisms
• Collateral stress programs: Created
specifically to help employees deal with stress
• Employee-fitness programs
• Programs that promote everything from
humor to massage as antidotes for stress
SUMMARY
• Characteristics of the physical environment and
personal actions lead to workplace hazards
• Organizational and individual stressors can also
affect employee behavior
• Institutional programs and collateral stress
programs help employees manage stress at
work