THE CAMPAIGN

FOR
REFORMS
 The
La
Reform
Solidaridad
Movement

The Role of The

the Middle Hispano-
Filipino
Class
Association
The Nature
of the The Role of
Reform Masonry
Movement

The Great La Liga

Reformists
The Failure of the
Filipina
Reform
Movement
 The Reform Movement
The unjust execution of the 3 Filipino
martyr priests :
Mariano Gomez, Jose Burgos, and Jacinto
Zamora.
Led to a new era : THE REFORM
MOVEMENT

Began in 1882 and lasted up to the

early months of 1896, when the
important Filipino reformists died.
 The Role of the Middle Class
• Middle class – Spanish and Chinese mestizos and
the insulares

• 3 social classes of Spanish perod:

• 1. peninsulares – Spaniards born in spain
• 2. Insulares – Spaniards born in the Philippines
• 3. Indios – natives or indigenous people
• 1869- Gen. Carlos Maria de la Torre a very down
to earth person became governor who they saw
as an ally

• July 12,1869- they marched and serenade him

• 1872-1882 – the Filipino inteligenstia (a segment

of middle class) took over the leadership from the
wealthy sector
 The movement has no clamor for independence it
only aims for the assimilation of the Philippines to
Spain (to make the Philippines a province of Spain) so
that the Filipinos:
• would become Spanish citizens
• would be represented in the Spanish Cortes to be
able to participate in the making of laws that may
benefit the country.
• And that goal has to be attained by peaceful
means—using the power of words.
They would enjoy all rights and privileges
Of Spanish Citizens.

They would also be obliged to discharge

The duties of Spanish citizens.

The Filipinos could not be treated cruelly by

The friars and the Spanish civil authorities.
Graciano Lopez- Jaena
Graciano Lopez Jaena – born in Jaro Ilo-ilo, on
December 17,1856 son of Placido Lopez and
Maria Jacobo Jaena

Studied at Seminary of Jaro and Enrolled in

medicine at University of Valencia

HE WAS THE GREAT ORATOR

Author of a Fray Botod – a tale that deals with
the ignorance, abuses and immorality of a
certain friar named Botod (the average friar of
the period)
1880- he secretly left for Spain because he
found himself object to manhunt
1882- he delivered a speech during the
International Congress of Industrial Geography
in defense of the Filipinos
February 15, 1889 became an Editor at the first
circulation of La Solidaridad
January 20 1896 – He died of tuberculosis
Marcelo H. del Pilar
Born in Barrio Kupang, Bulakan,
on August 30, 1850 son of Julian H. Del Pilar and
Blasa Gatmaitan

Studied at College of San Jose and at University of

Sto. Tomas where he finished his law course in
1880
the political analyst of the Filipino colony in Spain

1880-he began to campaign at the plazas ,

cockpits, and small tiendas preaching the gospel of
work, self respect and dignity
1882 – founded Diariong Tagalog
1888- he wrote the pamphlet "Kaiigat Kayo" in
defense of Rizal and his Noli Me Tangere which is
then attacked savagely by Fr. Rodriguez
Pamphlet
``Caiingat Cayo” using the pen name Dolores
Manapat. He also wrote some parodies namely;
“Dasalan at Toksohan”, “Amain Namin” and the
Ten Commandments of the Friars

October 1888 – he left for Spain

December 1889 – took over the editorship of La

Solidaridad

July 4, 1896 – he died

Dr. Jose Rizal
Born in Calamba Laguna on June 19, 1861 to
Francisco Mercado and Teodora Alonzo.
Wrote the poem “Sa Aking Mga Kabata” at the age of
eight

Enrolled at Ateneo Municipal and at a time at University of

Sto. Tomas

1882- he left for Spain at the age of 21

Enrolled at medicine and gain knowledges on other
curriculum and mastered languages like French and
German
He finished Noli Me Tangere at the age of 26 which
gained popularity but the Spanish authorities prohibited
its reading

1889 - He publishes La Vision de Fr. Rodriguez , a satire in

which he exposed the ignorance of Fr. Jose Rodriguez who
was then attacking his novel by issuing the pamphlet
“Caingat Cayo” which warned the Filipinos against reading
the Noli

1891-he finished El Filibusterismo

He returned to the Philippines in 1887 and in 1892 for the
second time
July 7, 1892 – his banishment to
Dapitan was announced officially

He was placed under arrest before

the ship could dock in Barcelona in
his way to Cuba where he enlisted
as a Military Doctor and was
sentenced to die by musketry

December 30, 1896 he was shot

to death
A news paper that rises as an answer
to the needs of bringing to the
attention of the Peninsular Spaniards
the so-called Philippine problem

February 15, 1889 – the first number

came out in Barcelona with
Lopez Jaena as Editor

December 1889 – M. H. del Pilar took

over the editorship
To fight
reaction

To stop all steps tending, and To make the

Philippines a Backward country.

To extend the liberal ideas

To defend progress
Rizal- Dimas Alang and Laong Laan

Mariano Ponce-tikbalang,Naning and Kalipulako

M.H. del Pilar as Plaridel

Jose Ma. Panganiban as Jomapa

 Circulo Hispano - Filipino
January 12, 1889 An association composed of Spaniards
and Filipinos who favored in granting the reform in the
colony.

Their campaigns resulted in the passage of law in the

Cortes which would have been of benefit to the Filipino
if it had been carried out
1893 – the society secure the passage of Maura
Law, a law for the compulsory teaching of Spanish
and initiation of reforms in the judiciary

It has 3 Sections of the Society

April 1 1889- G. Lopez Jaena established the Masonic lodge
revolucion in Barcelona

1890- the lodgeLa Solidaridad was established in Madrid

Pedro Serrano Laktaw and Antonio Luna established Masonic Lodges in

the Philippines:

MayNilad- was established on January 6, 1891

And some other 33 lodges.

It became the focus of propaganda activities and became responsible in
the maintenance of unity it also served as a pattern for the methods and
organization of the Katipunan because Andress Bonifacio was a Mason
1. To work for freedom and prosperity of the
Philippines.

2.To work for good government.

3.To ask for representation to the Spanish

Cortes.

4.To make the Philippines a province of

Spain.
July 3,1892 – Rizal and a group of patriotic
Filipinos
,including Andres Bonifacio founded La Liga
Filipina.

1. To unite the whole archipelago into one strong body.

2.. Mutual protection of all members in
Case of necessity.
3.The encouragement of
Agriculture,commerce
and education
4.Defense against any kind of violence and
Injustice; and
5.Study and application of reforms.
1.A member or his son without financial means but with
Enough ability and industry shall be supported

2.The poor shall be supported against the rich and

powerful.

3.Any member who suffered losses shall be given financial

help.

4.Stores and shops shall be opened which would sell

goods
To members at low prices.
THANK
YOUand
GOD
BLESS