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NELSON MANDELA HOUSE BUILDING SERVICES Final-1
NELSON MANDELA HOUSE BUILDING SERVICES Final-1
ILMA NAFEES
WAHAB HUSSAIN
DANIA IRSHAD
AQDAS USMANI
CENTRE FOR
EUROPEAN AND
LATIN AMERICAN
STUDIES, NELSON
MANDELA
HOUSE, MUJEEB
BAGH, , JAMIA
MILLIA ISLAMIA
AN ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM IS INSTALLED IN THE BUILDING THAT PROVIDES FOR THE
DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRICAL WIRING THROUGHOUT. IT INCLUDES MAIN SWITCHBOARD, WHICH RECEIVES THE
POWER SOURCE FROM THE SERVING UTILITY, AND ALL THE ASSOCIATED COMPONENTS SUCH AS PANEL BOARDS
THAT DISTRIBUTE ALL THE REQUIRED BRANCH CIRCUITS THROUGHOUT THE FACILITY.
SUBSTATION
THE LEVEL OF VOLTAGE UNDERGOES A CHANGE WITH THE HELP OF TRANSFORMERS WITHIN THE SUBSTATION.
IT IS BUILT SEPARATE FROM THE BUILDING
IT ALSO HOUSES SWITCHES(MCB, CIRCUIT BREAKWRS), METERSAT THE LOWEST VOLTAGE LEVEL, 3 PHASE 4
WIRE SUPPLY ADOPTED
THE NEUTRAL WIRE IS TAKEN OUT FROM THE COMMON POINT OF THE STAR CONNECTED SECONDARY OF THE 6
KV/400 V DISTRIBUTION TRANSFORMER.
TRANSFORMER
DISTRIBUTION LINE
THE LINES DISTRIBUTE THE ELECTRIC SUPPLY THROUGHOUT THE BUILDING
ELECTRICAL SUBSTATION FROM WHICH ELECTRICITY IS PROVIDED
TO THE NELSON MANDELA HOUSE
CONDUIT WIRING
ADVANTAGES
NO RISK OF FIRE AND GOOD PROTECTION AGAINST MECHANICAL INJURY.
THE LEAD AND RETURN WIRES CAN BE CARRIED IN THE SAME TUBE.
SHOCK PROOF WITH PROPER EARTHING AAND BONDING AND CONTINUITY IS
ASSURED
WATERPROOF AND TROUBLESHOOTING IS EASY
DISADVANTAGES
ERECTION IS QUITE COMPLICATED AND IS TIME CONSUMING
RISK OF SHORT CIRCUIT UNDER WET CONDITIONS (DUE TO CONDENSATION OF
WATER IN TUBES.
TYPES OF APPLIANCES USED:
SOCKET OUTLETS
A SOCKET OUTLET IS A FEMALE SOCKET
CONNECTED TO THE POWER WIRING IN THE
BUILDING AND WILL ACCEPT THE MALE
PLUG ATTACHED AT THE END OF THE
FLEXIBLE CORD OF AN APPLIANCE OR AN
ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT. THE GENERAL
ARRANGEMENT OF SOCKET OUTLETS IS
SIMILAR TO THAT OF SWITCHES.
MINIATURE CIRCUIT BREAKER (MCB)
ADVANTAGE
SHORTER TRIPPING TIME
CAN BE REUSED
EASY TO RESET
HAS A SWITCH THAT CAN ISOLATE THE EQUIPMENT.
DISADVANTAGE
DUE TO AGING, SLOW TRIPPING
SURROUNDING TEMPERATURE MAY AFFECT THE MCB
PROTECTIVE DEVICS:
FUSES OR CIRCUIT BREAKERS- MCB
SURGE PROTECTION DEVICE
EARTHING OR GROUND OF EQUIPMENT
SOME BASIC AND IMPORTANT POINTS, IN RELATION TO A MODERN POWER
SYSTEM, ARE SUMMARIZED BELOW:
1. GENERATION, TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER IN OUR COUNTRY
IS CARRIED OUT AS 3-PHASE SYSTEM AT 50 HZ.
2. THREE MOST IMPORTANT CONVENTIONAL METHODS OF POWER GENERATION IN OUT
COUNTRY ARE: COAL BASED THERMAL PLANTS, HYDEL PLANTS AND NUCLEAR PLANTS.
3. LOAD CENTERS (WHERE THE POWER WILL BE ACTUALLY CONSUMED) ARE IN GENERAL
SITUATED FAR AWAY FROM THE GENERATING STATION. SO TO TRANSMIT THE LARGE
AMOUNT OF POWER (HUNDREDS OF MW) EFFICIENTLY AND ECONOMICALLY OVER LONG
DISTANCE, HIGH TRANSMISSION VOLTAGE (SUCH AS 400 KV, 220 KV) IS USED.
4. MATERIAL USED FOR TRANSMISSION LINES IS BARE IS BARE COPPER CONDUCTORS WHICH
ARE SUPPORTED AT REGULAR INTERVALS BY STEEL TOWERS. STACK OF DISK TYPE
CERAMIC INSULATORS ARE USED BETWEEN THE HV LINE AND THE STEEL TOWER.
5. LEVEL OF CURRENT DECIDES THE SECTION OF THE LINE CONDUCTOR AND THE LEVEL OF
VOLTAGE DECIDES THE AMOUNT OF INSULATION REQUIRED.