United International University: Electrical Wiring and Drafting

United International University
Electrical wiring and drafting
EEE – 220
Sec: B and D
Course Instructor:
Md. Nur Alam
Page 1
Lecture 1
Powerpoint Templates
Page 2
Content
 Drafting
 A real-life scenario
 Basic Electrical Appliances
 Electrical Fittings
 Electrical Fixtures
 Switches
 Protecting Devices
 Summary

Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Page 3
Content
 Drafting
 Switches
 Summary

Page 4
Drafting
 Drafting is the means of using lines, symbols,
dimensions and notations to convey the engineers
calculations and design to the workmen to do the job
United International University Powerpoint Templates

Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Page 5
Content
 Drafting
 Switches
 Summary

Page 6
A real-life scenario
• Electrical Design Technician

• Distinguishing Characteristics
• Knowledge, Skills and Responsibilties

Content
 Drafting
 Switches
 Summary

Page 8
Basic Electrical Appliances
 Refrigerator
 Air Conditioner
 Iron
 Microwave Oven
 TV
 Washing Machine
 Vacuum Cleaner
 UPS
 IPS

 Refrigerator
 Air Conditioner
 Iron
 Microwave Oven
 TV
 Washing Machine
 Vacuum Cleaner
 UPS
 IPS

Refrigerator
 A refrigerator (fridge) is a cooling appliance for the storage and preservation of
perishable food.
 The vapor-compression cycle is used in most household refrigerators as well as

in many large commercial and industrial refrigeration systems.
Page 11
 Refrigerator
 Air Conditioner
 Iron
 Microwave Oven
 TV
 Washing Machine
 Vacuum Cleaner
 UPS
 IPS

Air Conditioner
• An air conditioner is an appliance, system, or mechanism designed to
extract heat from an area using a refrigeration cycle.
• In construction, a complete system of Heating, Ventilation, and Air

Conditioning is referred to as HVAC.
• Its purpose, in the home or in the car, is to provide comfort during hot
days and nights.
Page 13
 Refrigerator
 Air Conditioner
 Iron
 Microwave Oven
 TV
 Washing Machine
 Vacuum Cleaner
 UPS
 IPS

Iron
• Ironing works by loosening the bonds between the long-chain
polymer molecules in the fibers of the material.
• While the molecules are hot, the fibers are straightened by the
weight of the iron, and they hold their new shape as they cool.
Page 15
 Refrigerator
 Air Conditioner
 Iron
 Microwave Oven
 TV
 Washing Machine
 Vacuum Cleaner
 UPS
 IPS

Microwave Oven
• A microwave oven, or microwave, is a kitchen appliance that can
come in many different sizes and styles employing microwave
radiation primarily to cook or heat food.
• This is accomplished by using microwaves, almost always emitted
from a magnetron, to excite water, oil, fat and other polarized
molecules within the food to be heated.
• This excitation is fairly uniform, leading to food being heated
everywhere all at once (except in thick objects), a feature not seen
in any other heating technique.
Page 17
 Refrigerator
 Air Conditioner
 Iron
 Microwave Oven
 TV
 Washing Machine
 Vacuum Cleaner
 UPS
 IPS

TV
• The traditional cathode-ray tube (CRT) blasts electrons onto
chemical phosphors embedded on the inside of the tube,
• while plasma sets ionize gas to create colors in a million or more
tiny pixel cells
• LCD panel with its three color filters or that reflects of a digital-light-
processing chip that has a million miniature mirrors and a spinning
color wheel
Page 19
 Refrigerator
 Air Conditioner
 Iron
 Microwave Oven
 TV
 Washing Machine
 Vacuum Cleaner
 UPS
 IPS

Washing Machine
• A washing machine, or washer, is a machine designed to clean
laundry, such as clothing, towels and sheets
• All washing machines work by using mechanical energy, thermal
energy, and chemical action
Page 21
 Refrigerator
 Air Conditioner
 Iron
 Microwave Oven
 TV
 Washing Machine
 Vacuum Cleaner
 UPS
 IPS

Vacuum Cleaner
• A vacuum cleaner is a device that uses an air pump to create a
partial vacuum to suck up dust and dirt, usually from floors
• The dirt is collected by a filtering system or a cyclone for later
disposal.
• The suction is the maximum pressure diference that the pump can
create
Page 23
 Refrigerator
 Air Conditioner
 Iron
 Microwave Oven
 TV
 Washing Machine
 Vacuum Cleaner
 UPS
 IPS

UPS
• The fundamental purpose of a UPS is to provide an
uninterruptible source of power for the equipment it
protects[1].
• UPSes are designed so that there is one source of
power that is normally used, called the primary power
source, and another source that kicks in if the primary is
disrupted, called the secondary power source.
• There are two types of UPS
– Online UPS
– Standby UPS
Page 25
Online UPS
Page 26
Standby UPS
Page 27
 Refrigerator
 Air Conditioner
 Iron
 Microwave Oven
 TV
 Washing Machine
 Vacuum Cleaner
 UPS
 IPS

IPS
• The secondary supply unit of a standby UPS can be
considered as a IPS.
• Generally IPSes are turned on manually. Even though
automated turn-on feature is implemented in an IPS.
• So, the backup power supply comes into play after an
interruption.
Page 29
Content
 Drafting
 Switches
 Summary

Page 30
Electrical Fittings
 Incandescent Light bulb
 Fluorescent Lamp
 Fan

Incandescent Light bulb
• The incandescent light bulb or incandescent lamp is a
source of artificial light that works by incandescence.
• An electrical current passes through a thin filament,
heating it and causing it to become excited, releasing
thermally equilibrated photons in the process.
• The enclosing glass bulb prevents the oxygen in air from
reaching the hot filament, which would be otherwise
rapidly destroyed by oxidation.
Page 32
Fluorescent Lamp
• A fluorescent lamp is a gas-discharge

lamp that uses electricity to excite mercury
vapor in argon or neon gas, resulting in a
plasma that produces short-wave
ultraviolet light.
• This light then causes a phosphor to
fluoresce, producing visible light
Page 33
Fan
• A ceiling fan is a device suspended from the ceiling of a
room, which employs hub-mounted rotating paddles to
circulate air in order to produce a cooling effect.
• A fan's efficacy (in other words, its ability to generate
airflow) is measured by its CFM (Cubic Feet of air moved
per Minute) rating.
Page 34
Content
 Drafting
 Switches
 Summary

Page 35
Electrical Fixtures
• Fixtures are used to hold objects in place
and clamp them to machines or operating
surfaces, so that the object can be
machined or assembled.
• Bulb holders and other sockets fall into
this category.

Page 36
Content
 Drafting
 Switches
 Summary

Page 37
Switches
• A switch is a mechanical device used to connect and disconnect a
circuit at will.

Switch
• Single pole switch loop: When this type of switches are used two
wires are necessary.
• Three way switch: This type of switch is used for a hall light that can
be controlled from the bottom and top of a staircase or an outside
light be controlled from inside and outside of a house.
• Four way switch: It is used to control a light from three different
points.
Page 39
Switch
Page 40
Content
 Drafting
 Switches
 Summary

Page 41
Protecting Devices
Electrical installations must be protected from the effects
of short circuit and over-load. In addition, the people
using the installations, as well as the buildings
containing them, must be protected from the effects of
fire and of other hazards arising from faults or from
misuse.
Safety Regulations
Fuse
Circuit Breakers
Relays
Page 42
Safety Regulations
 To ensure the electrical safety of licensed electrical workers, other
workers, licensed electrical contractors, consumers and the general
public;
 To enhance consumer protection in relation to electrical work;
 To stop cathodic protection systems from damaging or interfering
with the property of others;
 To ensure a safe supply of electricity;
 To ensure electrical equipment hired or sold is electrically safe.
Page 43
Fuse
• In electronics and electrical engineering a fuse, short for 'fusible
link', is a type of over current protection device.
• Its essential component is a metal wire or strip that melts when too
much current flows.
• When the metal strip melts, it opens the circuit of which it's a part,
and so protects the circuit from excessive current.
Page 44
Circuit Breaker
• A circuit breaker is an automatically-operated electrical switch
designed to protect an electrical circuit from damage caused by
overload or short circuit.
• Unlike a fuse, which operates once and then has to be replaced, a
circuit breaker can be reset (either manually or automatically) to
resume normal operation.
Page 45
Relay
• A relay is an electrical switch that opens and closes under the
control of another electrical circuit.
• In the original form, the switch is operated by an electromagnet to
open or close one or many sets of contacts.
• Types of relay:
 Latching relay
 Reed relay
 Mercury-wetted relay
 Polarized relay
 Solid-state relay
 Overload protection relay
Page 46
Content
 Drafting
 Switches
 Summary

Page 47
Summary
Page 48

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Electrical wiring and drafting