Rajesh Kumar Guru

Regd.No:-0601224040
Rashmiranjan Behera
Regd.No:-0601224031
Table Of Content:-
What Is BIODIESEL & Why ?
Blending
Chemistry of Biodiesel.
A Protocol
Industrial Process & production.
Substrates
Biodiesel Scenerio In India
Conclusion
 What is BIODIESEL?
A renewable fuel, composed of short
chain alkyl (methyl,ethyl) esters,
produced by transesterification of
vegetable oil or animal fats.
 Why Good Alternative to
traditional Fuel?
Lower emissions
Renewable
Little/no engine modification
Can be blended with Traditional fuel
Biodegradable
 Blending of Biodiesel
A blended biodiesel fuel meets ASTM
(American Society for Testing & Materials)
D 6751 with petroleum-based diesefuel
designated Bxx.
3 ways of Bleanding:-
i. Mixing prior to transport
ii. Splash mixing
iii. Inline mixing
Chemistry of Biodiesel
 Structural View:-

+ KOH +
Triglyceride Methanol Methylester Glycerine
 A Protocol
(BY University of Georgia In Summer 07)

TITRATION REACTION STEP-1&2 REACTION STEP-3&4

REACTION STEP-7 REACTION STEP-5&6

 WASHING

STEP- 1&2 STEP- 3 STEP- 4

(CONTD)….
STEP- 5
STEP- 6
STEP- 7-9 STEP- 10 &11 STEP- 12

(Before) (After)

BIO-DIESEL STEP- 13
Waste Vegetable Oil Reaction Mixture Glycerol Separation

BIO DIESEL
Industrial Production
of
Biodiesel
Block Diagram of Industrial Process
CATALYST RAW MATERIAL PRE-
PREPARATION TREATMENT

TRANSESTERIFICATION

SEPARATION OF PHASES

BIODIESEL DEHYDRATION OF RECOVERING OF

PURIFICATION ALCOHOL EXCESS
ALCOHOL

BIODIESEL CRUDE GLYCERIN

INDUSTRIAL
FACILITIES
3Basic Routes Of Ester Production
 Base Catalyzed Transesterification of
oil with alcohol.
 Direct acid catalyzed esterification of
oil wuth Methanol.
 Conversion of oil to fatty acid & to
alkyl ester with acid catalysis.
 Mainly used Base Catalyzed Reaction
 Reasons
 Low Temp.(150F)& Pressure(20 Psi).
 High conversion with low side reaction &
less ime.
 Direct conversion of Methyl Ester with No
Intermediate.
BIODIESEL PROCESS
Substrates for biodiesel
Industrial Biodiesel System 100.000 ton/year – Client: Brasil Ecodiesel
Internal view of industrial-pilot plant in the campus of Federal University of Piauí (Brazil).
Industrial Biodiesel System 40.000 ton/year – Client: Brasil Ecodiesel
 BIODIESEL SCENARIO IN INDIA

 SUBSTRATE:- Jatropa Curcas

 BIODIESEL ACTIVITIES

Indian Railways Corporation

The first successful trial run was Delhi-Amritsar

Shatabdi Express on December 31,2002 using 5% of
biodiesel.

Indian Oil Corporation Ltd (R&D Center)

Coordinates the biodiesel trails with 20 biodiesel
fueled (B5) buses with Haryana State Roadways

Bio-Electrification

Residents of Kagganahali Near Banglore &

Matikeswari Villege of Rayagada are supplied
Electricity by Generator run on Biodiesel.
 COUNTRIES USING BIODIESEL

 U.S Dept. of Agriculture

 Georgia Power
 South Waste Ohio
 Brazil
 The State Of Alabama
 U.S. Navy
COMPANIES:-
 Advantages Of Biodiesel
No Harmfull gas emission(CO.HC,SO2)
Easily biodegradable & Renewable
High Lubricity
High flashpoint(260F vs. 117F)
High calorific value
Safest to store, use, handle
Virtually free of Sulfur & aromatics
High Cetane (avg>50)
 Disadvantages:-
In presence of Water-
Heat of combustion reduces, produce smoke
Corrision to fuel components
Acclerate Microbial growth result plug off of
fuel system
Starting problem of engine
Co2 Recycle by Biodiesel
 FUTURE RESEARCH

 Micro Reacter

 Micro Algae