•Intellectual property is generally

characterized as non­physical property

that is the product of original thought.
Intellectual Property
• IP is divided into two categories:

• Industrial property, which includes inventions (patents), trademarks,

industrial designs, and geographic indications of source

• Copyright, which includes literary and artistic works such as novels, poems
and plays, films, musical works, artistic works such as drawings, paintings,
photographs and sculptures, and architectural designs
Trademark
• Definition of Trademark:
“A trademark is a sign that individualizes the goods of a
given enterprise and distinguishes them from the goods of
others.”

• It can be in the form of words, designs, letters, numerals or packaging,

slogans, devices, symbols, etc.
Patent
• A grant from the Government to the invention and discovery of new
and useful processes, machines, articles of manufacture, or
compositions of matter.

• For a limited term of 20 years, protects the following acts, namely:

1) When patents has been granted in respect of a product.
2) When the patents has been granted in respect of a process.
Industrial Design
• The ornamental or aesthetic aspect of an article

• Makes the article attractive & appealing

• May use shape or surface of an article or patterns, lines or colors. 

Integrated Circuit
• an electronic circuit formed on a small piece of material, performing
the same function as a larger circuit made from discrete components.
Copyrights
• Deals with the protection of literary and artistic works

• Includes:
• Writings,
• Music,
• Works of the fine arts, such as paintings and sculptures,
• Technology-based works such as computer programs and electronic
databases.
The Creative Commons, Copyleft, and Licensing

• An owner may allow others to build upon a protected work provided

that the “new” work is similarly accessible or usable.
• Shrink wrap and click wrap.
Geographical Indication
• It is a sign that identifies a product as originating or manufactured or
produced from a particular location which gives that product a
special quality or reputation or other characteristic
Plant Breeders' Rights (PBR)
• These are the rights granted to the breeder of a new variety of plant

• Gives them exclusive control over:

• Propagating material (including seed, cuttings, divisions, tissue culture) and
• Harvested material (cut flowers, fruit, foliage) of a new variety for a number
of years.
‘GRTKF’
• This stands for Genetic Resources, Traditional Knowledge and Folklore

• Recognizes valuable intellectual asset of indigenous communities,

traditional societies and local population of many countries residing
there since long.