BAHAN KONSTRUKSI

TRIANA LINDRIATI
Sifat bahan konstruksi untuk industri
makanan (Hal 314 – 329 Food Plant design)

• Resistance to corrosive action of foods or

chemicals (cleaning and sanitation agents)
• Suitable surface finish to discourage buildup of
dirt
• Good mechanical behavior
Material yang tidak kontak lansung dengan
makanan dan bahan pencuci Rigidity,
mechanical strength
Stainless steel
• Byk digunakan terutama untuk desain yg
kontak langsung dengan makanan
• AISI 304
 AISI 302 exhibits better corrosion
resistance than AISI 301, and is the most
commonly used. AISI 304 is more corrosion
resistant than AISI 302, but less so than
AISI 316. Of all the stainless steel types,
AISI 316 exhibits the best corrosion
resistance to chemical agents.
Surface finish (American Iron Steel Institute)
Unpolished Surface
• No. 1 finish. For industrial
applications when heat or
corrosion resistance is needed
without surface polishing
requirements.
• No. 2D finish. For surfaces that
must be polished after
construction and equipment
assembly.
• No. 2B finish. For surfaces easier
to polish than those requiring
No.1 and No. 2D (Figure 7.1).
Polished Surface
• No. 3 finish. For surfaces further
polished with more intensity.
• No. 4 finish. For surface finishes
commonly used on restoration
equipment, in dairy industry, and
food industry general.
• No. 6 finish. For decorative element.
• No. 7 finish. A Mirror finish, mainly
for surface in architecture but for
food equipment, pumps and valves
• No. 8 finish. A more intense mirror
finish
Corrosion in stainless steel
• General Corrosion
• Intergranural Corrosion
• Galvanic Corrosion
• Corrosion Forming Spots
• Stress Corrosion
• The corrosion resistance of stainless steel is
due to the spontaneous formation of a layer
of chromium oxide on the surface of material
• Deposits of foreign material on surface can
help form corrosion.
• Temperature, pH, abrrasiveness,flow velocity
and contact duration.
• Product containing vinegar and salt is the
most corrosive.
• Maintenance of brine pH between 7,5 – 8,0
Aluminum
• High thermal conductivity around 217 W/m.K
atau 187 kcal/h.m.oC. Densitas 2700 kg/m3
• It is corrosion resistance under normal
conditions (distilation of water, fruit juice, milk
and SO2)
• Used in the construction of some parts of food
process equipment
Nickel and Monel
• Widely used before stainless steel proved to be
satisfactory material
• Nickel for milk pasteurization and jacketed vessel but
sensitive to sulfur products
• Monel in ice cream processing, salt processing system,
pumps that handle alcohol, brines, vegetals oils and
fruit juice
• Copper and bronze used in beer, alcohol, calcium
brines, ketchup, citric acid, fatty acid and vegetals oil,
distillate water, wine, whisky.
Plastic Material
• Polypropilene
• High density polypropilene
• Rigid PVC
• Polyester
• Epoxy resins