Maxwell’s Equations

Maxwell’s Equations for Static Electric and Magnetic Fields

PHY2001 Applied Electromagnetics

Differential Form Integral Form Remarks

  
  D  v  D  dS   v dv
S V
Gauss’s Law

Nonexistence of
  
B  0  B  dS  0
S
magnetic monopole

   Conservative
 E  0  E  dl  0
L

    Ampere’s Law
 
 H  J  H  dl   J  dS
L S

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4
 Faraday’s Law
 Steady current produces a magnetic field
PHY2001 Applied Electromagnetics

 Whether magnetism would produce electricity?

 In 1831, Michael Faraday and Joseph Henry discovered that a time-

varying magnetic field produce an electric current

 Faraday’s experiment: A static magnetic field produces no current

flow; but in a closed circuit, a time-varying field produces an induced
voltage (called electromotive force or emf) that causes a flow of
current
Faraday’s Law : Faraday discovered that the induced emf (in volts), in
any closed circuit is equal to the time rate of change of the magnetic
flux linkage by the circuit
d Nd
Vemf  
5 dt dt