Air conditioning

Maintaining the temperature, humidity, air

flow and purity of a particular place.

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 Heating and Humidification (winter air
conditioning)

Refer pg.549
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  Moist air saturated at 2°C enters the heating coil at a
rate of 100m3/second. Air leaves the coil at 38°C. Find
required amount of heat addition per second.

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 Moist air saturated at 2°C enters the heating coil at a
rate of 100 m3/second. Air leaves the coil at 38°C.
Find required amount of heat addition per second.

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 Summer air conditioning (Cooling and
dehumidification).

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 Mixing of Air Streams

Consider adiabatic mixing of different quantities of air in two different states

at constant pressure. M3 = mass of dry air in the stream.

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 By moisture balance,

By dry air mass balance,

By energy balance,

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  The makeup air at rate of 100 m3lmin from the environment having
Tdb = 40°C and Twb = 27°C is mixed with 600 m3/min of return air
from the conditioned space having state Tdb = 23°C and relative
humidity 50%. Compute dry bulb temperature, wet-bulb temperatures
RH and specific humidity of the mixture.

*makeup air= fresh

outside air brought into a
building through
ventilating equipment

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 Tdb=29 degree C
Twb= 19 degree C
Enthalpy = 57 Kj/Kg

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 Heat load estimate
 Transmission heat – conductive heat transfer through walls roof etc
 Solar heat radiation-
 Internal heat gain- from occupants, lights, motors etc

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 1. Room Load

(a) Room sensible heat (RSH):

(i) Solar and transmission heat gain through walls, roof,
etc.
(ii) Solar and transmission heat gain through glass.
(iii) Transmission gain through partition walls, ceiling,
floor etc.
(iv) Infiltration.
(v) Internal heat gain from people, power, lights,
appliances etc.
(vi) Supply duct heat gain, supply duct leakage loss and
fan power.
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 (b) Room Latent Heat (RLH):
(i) Infiltration.
(ii) Internal heat from people, steam, appliances etc.
(iii) Vapour transmission.
(iv) Supply duct leakage loss.

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 Sensible heat factor(SHF) or sensible heat
ratio

SHR is the ratio of sensible heat transfer to the total heat transfer.

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 SHF- Sensible Heat Factor
SHR is the ratio of sensible heat transfer to the total
heat transfer.

RSHF (Room Sensible Heat Factor)

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 Reference point or circle or alignment
circle
Tdb = 25°C and ф = 50%

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 Air Conditioning Processes

Room total heating load = mass of air supplied to the room x (h2 – h4)
Capacity of the cooling coil required =mass flow rate of air through
cooling coil x (h3 –h4)
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 Grand Sensible Heat Factor
If the heat load includes the outdoor load in addition to
room load, the air conditioning apparatus has to meet
the grand total heat load. (Due to mixing of fresh air)

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 ADP (Apparatus Dew Point)
As the GSHF line is extended, it strikes the saturation
curve at state ‘s’, known as apparatus dew point (ADP)

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 Effective temperature.

 is a measure of feeling warmth or cold to the human body

in response to the -air temperature, moisture content and-
air motion.
 It is the dry bulb temperature of a sample of saturated air
which will give a particular feeling of comfort to the same
percentage of people as any other combination of dry bulb
temperature and relative humidity.

 Effective temperature is affected by clothing, age , sex,

and degree of work.

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