Engineering

Design and Presentation

Basic Drafting
Facts and Tools
Mrs. Baxter 2009

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What is the difference between
Sketching & Drafting?
●Essentially the difference is that when you
are sketching, you ONLY use a pencil and
your hand.
●The minute you use a tool like a triangle,
you are drafting, because a tool helps you
draw things more precisely.

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How many views does every object
have?
●They are six (6) views we could draw, but
we only draw three (3).
●Top, Front, & Right Side.

● We will cover these more in depth later.

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We draw oblique pictorials, of which the
front view angle is 900 and the sides are
450.

●Cabinet = Full depth

●Cavalier = ½ depth
o We will cover these more in depth later
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We draw isometric pictorials in which all
of the views are drawn at 300.

● We will cover these more in depth later

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Different lines we could draw.

●There actually many more, these are

just the basics.
● We will cover these more in depth later.

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Drafting Tools & The Uses
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 Straight Edge Guides

Drafting Arm ● Purpose is to line up

drawings and keep
everything square.

Parallel Bar

T Square

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 Templates
Ellipse
Template
● Quickly and accurately draw
objects that are drawn often.
● There are MANY more, each for
it’s own use.
● Examples: architectural,
landscape, electronics, etc.

Circle
Templates

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 Drawing

Mechanical Pencils (2) ● Mechanical Pencils: for drawing,

use the .5mm for all general work.
.5mm & .7mm
Use the .7mm for darker or
Eraser finished work.
Shield
● .5mm is the “work horse”keep all
lines light until you are finishing it
up.
● Eraser Shield is for erasing parts
AMES of the drawing. It will help keep
Lettering Guide you from erasing the parts that are
correct.
● Lettering Guide is used to create
guide lines for lettering.
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 Irregular Curves
● Used to help draw circular
Flexible Curve
items.
● Examples: ellipses,
cycloids, etc.

French Curves

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 Clean Up Tools
● Used to erase mistakes.

● Used to clean off your

drawing & work station.

Eraser ● NEVER use just your

Brush
hand to clean up or you
● ALWAYS clean up behind
yourself! Leave the
will smear the lead!
station as clean, or
cleaner, than when you
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Bow Compass
Layout Tools
● Compass is used to draw
precise circles, arc, etc.
● Can also be used to help
layout marks.

● Divider is used to get

precise measurements, &
transfer measurements.
Divider

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 30/60 Triangle Triangles
“Tall & Skinny”
● Used to draw perfectly
600 square lines with the
straight edges tools.
300
● Each has the most
commonly used angles
required.
450
45 Triangle ● When combined, they can
“Short & Fat”
get you all of the other
angles you might need.
450

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 Drafting Scales
● Used to draw objects precisely or
exactly.

● Engineers: deals primarily with inches

and based on 10 “parts”.
● Architectural: deals with feet & inches.
● 16 is regular ruler. All other the
fractions represent a foot or 12”.
● Metric based on MM & 10 “parts”.
● Refer to lessons on Scales for more
information.

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Summary
● You need to know your tools and how to correctly
use them.
● Yes, Auto CAD is the most used tool, but you
must understand how the process works. Then,
you’ll become a better drafter.
● Also, very often you maybe called upon to draw
something with no computer around, so you will
be better prepared if you know these tools and
how to use them.

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Assignment:
●Use this information to complete the “ABC”
Review Sheet or Activity Mat for this lecture.

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BONUS: Want to learn more about the
history of drafting?
● Essentially, drafting has been around since man
first started drawings.
● Write a 1 page synopsis about what you learn
about the History of Drafting.
● This website has an excellent explanation of the
History of Drafting.
http://www.uen.org/utahlink/tours/tourViewCategory.c
gi?category_id=21312&tour_id=14435

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