Introduction

A highway is any public or private road or other public way on land. It is used
for major roads, but also includes other public roads and public tracks

Highway Engineering is a branch of civil engineering dealing with the planning,

location, design, construction and maintenance of highways and with the
regulations and control devices employed in highway traffic operations

The primary need for transportation has been economic, involving personal travel
In search of food or work, travel for the exchange of goods and commodities,
Exploration, personal fulfillment and improvement of a society or a nation.