DIRECT VARIATION

LEO C. CABAYA
MA Ed Mathematics
OBJECTIVES
• illustrate situations that involve direct variation
• solve problems involving direct variation
 MOTIVATIONAL ACTIVITY
I need two students to be volunteers. Let the two students
walk from one corner of the room to the other corner. Let
their classmate record the time. Again let the two volunteers
do again the task but in the second time let the volunteers
talking or arguing something while walking and let their
classmate record the time.
GUIDE QUESTIONS
1. What is the time recorded in the first walk? Second walk?

2. Is there any changes in the time? How they will be able to

catch up for the loss or improvement of the minutes? Cite
solutions or reasons.
Understand, Analyze and be Cooperative! ACTIVITY
Group 1 – Let’s Recycle!
A local government organization launches a recycling campaign of waste materials to
schools in order to raise students’ awareness of environmental protection and the effects
of climate change. Every kilogram of waste materials earns points that can be changed
for school supplies and grocery items. Paper, which is the number one waste collected,
earns 5 points for every kilo. Create a table that shows the points earn for every number
of kilograms of waste paper collected.

Group 2 – How Steep Is Enough?

Using his bicycle, Jericho travels a distance of 10 kilometers per hour on a steep
road. Create a table that shows the distance he has travelled at a particular length of
time.
PRESENTATION
TIME
ANALYSIS QUESTIONS
1. How many kilograms of paper will the class have to gather
in order to raise 500 points? How the two quantities
related?

2. How will you be able to find the distance if Jericho travelled

in 5 hours?

3. Does the changes in one quantity affect a change in the

other? Explain the process that you have discovered. 
 ABSTRACTION (LESSON PROPER)
Let’s Recycle!
A local government organization launches a recycling campaign of waste
materials to schools in order to raise students’ awareness of environmental
protection and the effects of climate change. Every kilogram of waste materials
earns points that can be changed for school supplies and grocery items. Paper,
which is the number one waste collected, earns 5 points for every kilo. Create a
table that shows the points earn for every number of kilograms of waste paper
collected.

Number of Kilograms 1 2 3 4 5 6

Points 5 10 15 20 25 30
How Steep Is Enough?
Using his bicycle, Jericho travels a distance of 10 kilometers per
hour on a steep road. Create a table that shows the distance he has
travelled at a particular length of time.

Time 1 2 3 4 5 6
Distance 10 20 30 40 50 60
DIRECT VARIATION
•Mathematical
  relationship between two variables that can be
expressed by an equation in which one variable is equal to a
constant times the other.

Is a linear equation that can be written in the form , where

is a non – zero constant. The number is called the constant of
proportionality or constant of variation.
•   is a direct variation whenever a situation produces pairs of
There
numbers in which their ratio is constant.
The statements:
“y varies directly as x”
“y is directly proportional to x”
“y is proportional to x”
may be translated mathematically as , where is the constant variation.

For two quantities, an increase in x causes an increase in y as well.

Similarly, a decrease in x causes a decrease in y.
 EXAMPLES
• 
Which of the equations is of the form and shows a
direct relationship?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
EXAMPLES
•1.  If varies directly as x and when , find the variation
constant and the equation of the variation.

2. The table below shows that the distance varies directly as the
time . Find the constant of variation and the equation which
describes the relation.

Time (hr) 1 2 3 4 5
Distance (km) 10 20 30 40 50
•   If varies directly as and when , what is the value of
3.
when ?

4. The shadow of an object varies directly as its height. A man

1.8m tall casts a shadow 4.32m long. If at the same time a
flagpole casts a 12.8m long, how high is the flagpole?

5. Jessie uses 20L of gasoline to travel 200km, how many liters

of gasoline will he use on a trip of 700km?
 APPLICATION (CAN’S ANYONE?)
•   Tin cans of beverages are collected for recycling purpose in many places in the
Philippines. Junk shops pay Php 15.00 for every kilo of tin cans bought from collectors.
In the following table, is the cost in peso and is the number of kilos of tin cans:

n 1 2 3 4 5 6
c 15 30 45 60 75 90

1. Write a mathematical statement that relates the two quantities and .

2. What is the constant of variation? Formulate the mathematical equation.
3. Observe the values and in the table? What happens to the cost when the number of
kilos of tin can is doubled? Tripled?
4. How much would 20 kilos of tin cans cost if at the end of the month, cost for every kilo
of tin cans will increase by 5 peso?
 ASSESSMENT
• Solve the following problems on a sheet of paper.
1. The service f of a physical therapist varies directly as the number of hours n
of service rendered. A physical therapist charges Php 2, 100 for 3 hours service
to patients in a home care. How much would he be paid for 6 ½ hours of
service?

2. The amount of paint p needed to paint the walls of a room varies directly as
the area A of the wall. If 2 gallons of paint is needed to paint a 40 square meter
wall, how many gallons of paint are needed to paint a wall with an area of 100
square meters?
AGREEMENT
On a sheet of paper, summarize what you have
learned from this lesson. Provide real – life examples
and illustrate it using tables and graphs showing the
relation between quantities and show your solution.