ANTENATAL

CARE
DEFINITION

 Systematic
examination and advices given to a
woman during pregnancy is called antenatal
care
OBJECTIVES

 To ensure a normal pregnancy with delivery of

a healthy baby from a healthy mother.
 To prepare mother for labour, lactation and
subsequent care of the child
 To reduce the maternal mortality and
morbidity rates
 To detect early and treat promptly, high risk
conditions that may endanger life of the
mother or baby
ASSESSMENT

 i) Registration & History Taking:-

 During woman’s first visit to antenatal clinic,
registration is done and antenatal card is
made.

 A Identification Data:-
 This includes name , age , address and martial
status
 B) Demographic Data:-
 It identifies the client, her residences, age, race and
religion, marital status and occupation.

 C) Menstrual History:-
 It is important to know the age when the
menstruation first occur (Menarche), the regularity of
the periods.
 The duration and amount of menstrual flow, any pain
associated with periods (dysmenorrhoea)
 It also helps to determine the gestation age and EDD
 PAST MEDICAL HISTORY
 History of past medical illnesses must be elicited
 T.B of hip and spine may cause deformities of pelvis
 Rheumatic infections may lead to cardiac impairment
 Diabetes and cardiac disease may complicate the
pregnancy and labour
 Diabetes and syphilis can both endanger the life of
the child.
 previous history of steroid therapy, blood
transfusion, bronchial asthma, rickets and
osteomalacia are to be enquired
SURGICAL HISTORY

 Any surgeries major or minor, general

abdominal and gynaecological, performed in
the past are to be mentioned in the history
 Any history of blood transfusion is also
recorded
FAMILY HISTORY
 Anyfamily history of hypertension, diabetes,
asthma or venereal disease (STD) ,twin
pregnancy, mental retardation is to be enquired.

 Historyof mental retardation in family may

indicated chromosomal abnormalities.
PERSONAL HISTORY

 Literacyand qualification of the woman,

duration of the marriages and any personal
habits e.g. Alcoholism, smoking are to be
elicited

 Alcoholism and smoking lead to IUGR in

baby
OBSTETRICAL HISTORY

 Obstetrical history refers to a record of previous

pregnancy, labour an puerperium.
 The history of pregnancy may be recorded by
using mnemonics G,P,A,L
 G: Gravida it denotes pregnant state both present
and past irrespective of the period of gestation
 P: Parity it denotes a state of previous pregnancy
beyond the period of viability(including live
births and stillbirths)
 A: Abortions
 L: Denotes number of live children
HISTORY OF PRESENT
PREGNANCY
 The genesis of present complaints is to be
noted stating the mode of onset, duration and
progress
 The enquiry about the general condition of the
women, her appetite, sleep, bowel habits,
urination, morning sickness, fatigue and breast
discomfort which may be the first trimester.
HEAD TO TOE
EXAMINATION
 Physical Examination:-
 Vital and B.P:-
 Height
 Weight :- Stationary and decreasing weight is
found in IUGR. Rapid gain in weight of more
than 0.5kg/week is one of the manifestation of
pre- eclampsia
 Urine analysis:- presence of albumin in urine
is indicative of pre eclampsia/