ENGLISH LESSON

GRADE: 9

TOPIC: PUNCTUATION

Presented by Maluleke T.S.

How Do You Use the Comma?

 Use a comma to separate independent

clause (sentences) in a compound
sentence.
I like English, BUT it is difficult.
How Do You Use the Comma?
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Use commas to separate words, phrases,

and clauses when there are three or more in
a series.

For instance, Sanny can run, jump, and

skip.
 More on Commas

When the date identifies the day of the

week, the date is set off with a comma.

See the example below:

On Thursday, August 25, school resumes.
 More on Commas
 Use Comma to set off nouns of direct.
For example: “Gertrude, I want you to know
that Matilda like George.”
address.
 Use a comma to set off a year when it is
with a month and date.
- Julius was born June 25, 1954, in
Gauteng, Soweto.
 More on Commas
 Use commas when writing full addresses
in sentence form. I live at 2345
Westchester Blvd., Springfield, IL 62703
 Use commas to set off introductory
phrases that come at the beginning of
a sentence. Feeling anxious, George
slowly stepped on the stage.
 Commas
Use commas to set off nonrestrictive
relative clauses (not necessary to the
meaning of the sentence) from the rest of
the sentence. Who
Whose) Restrictive/nonrestrictive
Whom
Which) Nonrestrictive (needs a
 Commas Continue

◦ That boy, who is standing by the door is

my son.
 Commas
 Use commas to set of parenthetical
expressions.
-Jason is handsome, however, looks can be
deceiving.
Use a comma to set off short quoted
sentences from the rest of the sentence.
Hamlet said, “To be or not to be. That is the
question.”
 Commas
 Use commas to set of parenthetical
expressions.
-Jason is handsome, however, looks can be
deceiving.
Use a comma to set off short quoted
sentences from the rest of the sentence.
Hamlet said, “To be or not to be. That is the
question.”
 Semi-Colons

Use a semi-colon to separate independent

sentences. These are sentences that are
closed conned in thought and not joined by a
conjunction. For example, After class, I went
to the Pizza Hut; then I graded papers for an
hour.
 Semi-Colons

Use a semi-colon to separate

independent clause if there are commas
within the parts. I wrote to George, Matilda,
and Gertrude; and Ellen notified Jason by
phone.
Capitals latters
A capital letter is normally used in
writing:
 For the first letter of the first word at
the beginning of a sentence
 For the first letter of proper nouns
(Kevin), countries (South Africa),
cities (Johannesburg), and titles (the
Champion).
Capitals latters

 For the first letter of the names of days

(Tuesday), months (February), festivals
(Dwali).
 For the first letter of houses, ships, streets,
newspapers, books, play-titles (King Street).
 For a person’s initials (K.G. Baxter).
 For the word I.
Full stops

A full stop is used at the end of a

sentence, unless the sentence calls for
a question mark (?) or an exclamation
mark (!).
Example, Joyce went to the shop.
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Language
Exclamation marks
An exclamation mark is used after
expressions of surprise, motion, fear and
delight:

For instance, Oh!, Ah!, Look!, and

Hurrah!
Exclamation marks

Examples, What a superb goal Gigs

scored at Highbury!
I did not know you were here!
How fierce she looks!
Question marks

A question mark is always placed at the

end of a question.
 What are you doing?
But a question mark is not used in:
 I asked them what they were doing.
Apostrophes
An apostrophe is a mark (‘ ) used to
indicate.
the possessive case
the omission of a letter or letters
 If the word does not end in s, add ‘s:
Apostrophes

 Examples, The book of the boy – the

boy’s book
 The book of the children – the
children’s books
If the word ends in s and is singular,
add ‘s:
 The book of Charles – Charles’s book
Quotation marks (inverted
commas
Words quoted are put into quotation
marks. The boy said, “He has the
book”. Note the comma before the
quotation mark and that since the words
inside the marks form a sentence, the
first letter is a capital letter
Hyphen

The sign (-) used to join words to

indicate that they have a combined
meaning or that they are linked in the
grammar of a sentence
For instance, a pick-me-up, mother-in-
law, good-hearted. 
Parenthesis

 Use parenthesis to enclose words or

figures that clarify or are used as an
aside.
 Example: He received one hundred
and fifty points (150)on his math
project.
List of references
Kevin Baxter. September, 18. 2013
http://www.slideshare.net/KevinBaxter1/english-basics-punctuation
Karin Heart.2013,
http://www.slideshare.net/karrinheart/punctuation-13609611
Ellen Conner. 2010.
http://www.slideshare.net/conno1ej/punctuation-powerpoint-3312708
Arundathie Abeysinghe, International Avlation Academy.Srilankan Airline
http://www.slideshare.net/arundathie81/esl-punctuation-rules-commas
The End

Thank you