ARSITEKTUR

NUSANTARA
01
Modul ke:

Pengantar Arsitektur
Vernakular Indonesia

Fakultas
Primi Artiningrum
FT dan
Rahil Muhammad Hasbi
Program Studi
Teknik
Arsitektur
Arsitektur Vernakular

Foto: 1001-tabir.blogspot.com
Arsitektur Vernakular

Apakah berfungsi?

Untuk apa?

Foto: lemburpangharepan.wordpress.com
Arsitektur Vernakular

Foto: bejubel.com

Bagaimana dengan ini?

Apa yang terjadi?

Foto: tempurungunik.blogspot.com
Bagaimana dengan Arsitektur?

Apa pendapat anda

tentang foto ini?

Apa fungsi bambu ini?

Mengapa Bambu?

Foto: Gede Ktresna, Bali

Arsitektur Vernakular

Apakah yang dimaksud

dengan
Arsitektur Vernakular?
Pengertian-Pengertian

• Verna :
– domestic,
– indigenous,
– native slave, atau
– home-born slave
(Bernard Rudofsky, 1964)

‘Architecture without Architect’

Pengertian-Pengertian
“Vernacular architecture comprises
the dwellings and all other
buildings of the people. Related to
their environmental contexts and
available resources, they are
customarily owner-or-community-
built, utilizing traditional
technologies. All form of vernacular
architecture are built to meet
specific needs, accommodating the
values, economies and ways of
living of cultures that produce
them”.
Sumber: Paul Oliver dalam Encyclopedia of the Vernacular
Architecture of the World dalam Rogi, 2011.
Pengertian-Pengertian
• “The vernacular is not a style, still less to
be copied. … … The significance of
vernacular is as a learning tool. First, the
vernacular shows how to be
straightforward. Second, the vernacular
demonstrates how quite complex
character emerges, from this
straightforwardness, as simplicity builds
up into an apparent complexity by being
constantly applied. Third, it has that
elusive quality; human scale. It is of
course built in very direct way by people
for people.”
• (Robert Maguire, The Value of Tradition,
1976 dalam Rogi 2011).
1.
1. ItIt is
is aa natural
natural unselfconsciousness
unselfconsciousness action action
based
based approach.
approach.
2.
2. In
In this
this process…
process… there
there isis no
no design
design problem
problem
but
but rather
rather aa traditional
traditional form
form ofof solutions
solutions
with
with variations
variations to to suit
suit different
different
circumstances
circumstances which which are
are selected
selected and
and
constructed
constructed without without aa thought
thought of of the
the
principles
principles involved.
involved.
3.
3. (It
(It isis aa design
design process)
process) with
with aa lack
lack of
of
understanding
understanding of of the
the theoretical
theoretical
background…
background… undrawn undrawn traditional
traditional patterns
patterns
handed
handed down down fromfrom generation
generation to to
generation.
generation. “A “A folk
folk industry
industry carried
carried of
of the
the
folk
folk method”.
method”.
(Brian
(Brian Lawson,
Lawson, 1980,
1980, dalam
dalam Rogi,
Rogi, 2011)
2011)
Karakter Arsitektur Vernakular
• Diciptakan masyarakat tanpa bantuan tenaga ahli professional (arsitek
professional), melainkan dengan bantuan tenaga ahli setempat (lokal).

• Mampu beradaptasi terhadap kondisi fisik, sosial, budaya dan lingkungan

stempat.

• Dibangun dengan memanfaatkan sumber daya fisik, sosial, budaya, religi,

teknologi dan material setempat.

• Memiliki tipologi bangunan awal dalam wujud hunian dan bangunan lainnya yang
berkembang di dalam masyarakat tradisional

• Dibangun untuk mewadahi kebutuhan khusus, mengakomodasi nilai-nilai budaya

masyarakat, ekonomi dan cara hidup masyarakat setempat.

• Fungsi, makna dan tampilan arsitektur vernakular sangat dipengaruhi oleh aspek
struktur sosial, system kepercayaan dan pola perilaku masyarakatnya.
Contoh

(sumber: gema-budaya.blogspot.com/2012/07/rumah_kerucut_kampung_adat_wae_rebo.html)
(sumber: koran arsitektur dalam
gemabudaya.blogspot.com/2012/07/rumah_kerucut_kampung_adat_wae_rebo.html)
Kesimpulan

• Arsitektur Vernakular banyak dijumpai pada

arsitektur Tradisional, dimana karya-karya
arsitektur merupakan bagian dari pranata
kehidupan masyarakatnya, dibangun secara
bergotong royong, memanfaatkan sumberdaya
dan teknologi lokal, merupakan respon
terhadap kondisi alam, sesuai dengan budaya
dan kepercayaan masyarakat setempat.
 Terima Kasih
Primi Artiningrum dan Rahil Muhammad Hasbi