WOUND HEALING

BY: P.DHILIP KUMAR

DEFINITION
 The final phase of inflammatory process is Healing.
It has 2 components
a)Regeneration
b)Repair
Regeneration: Replacement of lost cells and tissues
cells with same type.
Repair: Healing as a result of lost cells being replaced
by connective tissue. Repair occurs by primary,
secondary and tertiary intentions.
 COMLICATIONS OF WOUND HEALING
a) Hypertrophic scars and keloid formation:
It is an in appropriately large, red and raised and hard wound that
extends like masses.
b)Contractures:
It is a shortening of muscle or scar tissue results from excessive
fibrous tissue formation, when the wound near the join during the
healing process.
c)Dehiscence:
dehiscence is separation and disruption of previous joined wound
edges due to infection.
d)Excess granulation:
It is also called profound flesh that protrudes above the surface of the
healing wound.
e) Adhesions:
It is a bands of scar tissue around the organs
usually occurs in lungs, pleura and abdominal
cavity.
 NURSING CARE IN WOUND HEALING

i)Diet therapy:
High fluid intake
vitamins, proteins promote healing
Parenteral if enteral feeding is not tolerated.
ii)Drug therapy:
Antipyretics- salicylates, acetaminophen,
NSAIDS, corticosteroids.
Vitamin A, B complex, C and D.
 NURSING ASSESMENT
• R-Rest : It helps the body better use its nutrients and
oxygen for healing process.
• I- Compression and Immobilization of the inflamed
area promote healing by decreasing inflammatory
process and assist in the repair process.
• C-Cold and Heat is usually given at the time of initial
trauma to cause vasoconstriction and decreasing
swelling, pain and congestion from inflammation.
• E- Elevating the injured extremity will reduce the
edema and reduce pain and improve circulation
 WOUND CARE
• Red wound: Dressing with transpermeable dressing.
• Yellow wound: It is a non viable necrotic tissue with
bacterial growth is used to draw the excess drainage
from the wound surface and clean the wound.
• Black wound: It is covered with thick, dry, black
necrotic tissue called eschar. The debridement
methods are
i) Surgical debridement: Large amount of non viable
tissues removed surgically.
 Contd…
ii) Mechanical debridement: It is wet to dry dressing in
which open mesh gauze is moistured in normal saline
and packed in wound surface. Topical antibiotics like
betadine, NS, H2O2 are used to clean the wound.
iii) Autolytic debridement: It is a semi occlusive or
occlusive dressings may be used to promote softening
of the dry eschar by autolysis.
iv)Enzymatic debridement: Drugs like collagenase are
topically applied on the necrotic tissue and covered
with moist dressing such as saline moisten gauze.