International Regulations For The Prevention of Collisions at Sea

International Regulations for the
Prevention of Collisions at Sea

Recognition of Lights and Shapes
All Merchant Vessels must display lights between sunset
and sunrise. The type, colour, number and disposition of
these light are laid down by International Regulations.
Certain vessels must also show shapes between the
sunrise and sunset
In order to ensure the safe navigation of the vessel it is
vital that the Officer of Watch can recognise and
interpret the lights and shapes shown by other vessels
at sea. Inability to do so may result in collision with
another vessel.
Type and Colour of Lights
There are five main types of There are four colours a light
light on a vessel may have on a vessel
a) Masthead Lights a) White

b) Stern Lights b) Green
c) Side Lights c) Red
d) Towing Light d) Yellow
e) All round Lights

Masthead lights
A masthead light is always white in

Forward colour
112.5o 112.5o It is exhibited over an unbroken arc of

the horizon of 225 degrees
Aft This arc starts from right forward to

112.5 degrees on either side of the
bow
Sidelights
Forward
Every vessel must have two sidelights.
Port Stbd
A vessel must have a green sidelight
112.5o 112.5o on its starboard side and a red
sidelight on its port side.
The arc of visibility of a sidelight is
Aft from right ahead to 112.5o on the
relevant side.
Both sidelights are only visible if
viewed from right ahead
Sternlights
Forward Every vessel must have a sternlight

positioined as far aft as possible.
The arc of visibility of a sternlight is

from right aft through an arc of 67.5o
67.5o 67.5o
on either side of the stern going
Aft
forward.
Sternlights are always white in

colour.
Towing Light
Towing lights are exhibited by a vessel

Forward which is towing another vessel or
object.
They are placed directly above the stern
light of the towing vessel and have the
67.5o 67.5o same arc of visibility
Aft
Towing lights are yellow in colour
All Round Lights
All round lights are mainly used as identity
signals to tell one kind of vessel from another
or to convey information.
They are visible all round the horizon.
They can be
a) Red
b) Green
c) White
d) Yellow (May also be flashing lights)
Range of Visibility
Length of Vessel Length of Vessel Length of Vessel
Type of Light >50 m 50m > L > 12m < 12 m
Masthead 6 nmls 5 nmls ** 2 nmls
Sidelight 3 nmls 2 nmls 1 nml
Sternlight 3 nmls 2 nmls 2 nmls
Towing Light 3 nmls 2 nmls 2 nmls
All round
3 nmls 2 nmls 2 nmls
Light
** If vessel is less than 20m but greater than 12m then the range is 3 nmls
Section 1
Section 1
Steaming lights of a Power Driven

Vessel
Power Driven Vessel
A power driven vessel when underway or underway and

making way shall exhibit:
I) a masthead light forward
ii) a second masthead light aft and higher than the

forward one, although a vessel of less than 50m in length
is not obliged to show this light but may do so.
iii) sidelights
iv) a sternlight
Normal Steaming Lights
The diagram opposite shows the plan

arrangement of the lights of a normal
power driven vessel, where the length
of the vessel is possibly greater than
50m in length.
If the vessel is less then 50m in length

it only has to have the forward
masthead light but it may show a
second aft masthead light.
Visual Interpretation of Lights
Below is a plan view of the navigation lights of a power driven

vessel over 50m in length. What the Officer of the watch will see
will depend on his viewpoint in relation to the vessel.
Lets consider four points of view from positions A, B, C and D

B
D A
C
Head On View
From Position A, directly ahead

of the other vessel, the OOW
will be able to see
a) both masthead lights
b) the port sidelight
View from position A
c) the starboard sidelight.
He will not be able to see the sternlight as he is outside its arc of

visibility
View of Port Side of Other
Vessel
Here the OOW can see both
masthead lights and the red port
sidelight of the other vessel.
View from position B
He is unable to see the green starboard sidelight or the

sternlight as he is outside their arc of visibility.
Note: The forward masthead light is lower than the after
masthead light and in front of it, hence we must be
ahead of the other vessel.
If you are unsure click here to return to slide 8
View of Starboard Side of Other
Vessel
Here the OOW can see both
masthead lights and the green
starboard sidelight of the other
vessel.
View from Position C
He is unable to see the red port sidelight or the sternlight as
he is outside their arc of visibility.
Note: The forward masthead light is lower than the after
masthead light and in front of it, hence we must be
ahead of the other vessel.
If you are unsure click here to return to slide 8
View of Stern of Other Vessel
Here we can see only a single

white light.
This is a stern light
View from position D

Do not confuse this with the masthead light of a vessel less than 50 m
in length. If you can see a masthead light you must be able to see one
or both of the sidelights.
We have now covered all the lights exhibited by a power driven
vessel. These lights are always exhibited by a power driven vessel
if she is underway or underway and making way
Views of a Power Driven Vessel
Power Driven Vessel possibly more than 50m in length underway and possibly making way
Stbd Side Head On Stern PortSide
Power Driven Vessel under 50m in length underway and possibly making way
Self Assessment Question No 1
Power Driven Vessel

The lights shown represent
a) A power driven vessel underway and making way,
less than 50 m in length seen from the port side
b) A power driven vessel underway and possibly

making way, possibly more than 50 m in length
seen from the starboard side
c) A power driven vessel underway and making way,

possibly more than 50 m in length seen from the
starboard side
Click on the answer you think is the correct one.

Power Driven Vessel

a) A power driven vessel underway and making way,
less than 50 m in length seen from the stbd side
b) A power driven vessel underway and possibly

seen from the starboard side
c) A power driven vessel underway and possibly

seen from right ahead

Section 2
Section 2
Steaming lights of a Vessel Engaged

in Towing
A Vessel Engaged in Towing
A vessel engaged in towing shall exhibit the following lights
I) If length of tow is <200 m Two masthead lights in a vertical line
If length of tow is >200m Three masthead lights in a vertical line
ii) an extra masthead light aft and higher than the forward one, although a vessel of
less than 50m in length is not obliged to show this light but may do so.
iii) sidelights
iv) a sternlight
v) a yellow towing light , vertically above the sternlight
A vessel being towed shall exhibit

I) sidelights
ii) sternlight
Towing Vessel Less Than 50m in
Length
A vessel engaged in towing less than 50 m in length underway and possibly making way
Length of tow less

than 200 m
Length of tow
more than 200 m
Towing Vessel Possibly more
than 50m in Length
A vessel engaged in towing possibly more than 50 m in length underway and possibly
making way
Length of tow less

than 200 m
Length of tow
greater than 200
m
Vessel Being Towed
A vessel being towed must show the following lights
a) sidelights
b) sternlight

Vessels Towed Alongside and
Pushed Ahead
When a power driven vessel is engaged in pushing ahead (not as a
composite unit) or towing another vessel alongside she must exhibit the
following lights.
The vessel pushing ahead or towing alongside must exhibit two mast headlights
forward plus all other steaming lights for a power driven vessel of her size.
A vessel being pushed ahead must show
a) sidelights in the fore part of the vessel with the proviso that any number of
vessels being pushed ahead shall be lit as one vessel. I.e. only the forward
most vessel shall exhibit the sidelights.
A vessel being towed alongside must show
a) sidelights at the forward end of the vessel
b) a sternlight
Towing Alongside
Head on View Head on view View from Port Side View from Port Side
Towing V/L <50m, Towing V/L <50m,
Towing V/L Towing V/L
Possibly > 50m Possibly > 50m
Towing Alongside
Pushing Ahead
View from Stbd Side View from Stbd Side

Head on View Head on View Towing V/L <50m,
Towing V/L , 50m Towing V/L Towing V/L
Possibly > 50m Possibly > 50m
Vessel Engaged in Towing

The lights represent
a) A vessel engaged in towing where the length of the vessel is
less than 50 m in length and the length of the tow is greater
than 200m, underway and making way.
b) A vessel greater than 50m in length, engaged in towing

where the length of the tow is greater than 200m,
underway and possibly making way.
c) A vessel engaged in towing where the length of the tow

is > 200m and the towing vessel is less than 50m in length,

Vessel Engaged in Towing The lights represent

a) A vessel engaged in towing where the length of the vessel is
less than 50 m in length and the length of the tow is greater
less 200m, underway and making way.
b) A vessel possibly greater than 50m in length, engaged in

towing where the length of the tow is greater than 200m,
c) A vessel engaged in towing where the length of the tow

is < 200m and the towing vessel is less than 50m in length,

a) A vessel engaged in pushing ahead where the length of the pushing vessel is
< 50m, underway and making way, seen from the stbd side
b) a vessel towing alongside, underway and possibly making way, where the length of
the tow is more than 200m, seen from the port side
c) A vessel pushing ahead where the length of the pushing vessel is

possibly greater than 50m and it is underway possibly making way.
Click the one which you think is correct.

Section 3
Section 3
Steaming lights of a Vessel Engaged

in Fishing
Types of Fishing Vessels
There are two types of fishing vessels considered in the Collision Regulations
a) Vessels engaged in trawling
b) Vessels engaged in fishing other than trawling
Trawlers are fishing vessels which drag their nets across the sea bottom.
All other fishing vessels i.e. drift netters, tuna boats, etc. fall into category b) above.
Vessels Engaged in Trawling
A vessel engaged in trawling shall exhibit the following lights
a) two all round lights in a vertical line, the upper being green and the lower being white
b) a masthead light aft and higher than the green light: a vessel of less than 50m shall not
be obliged to exhibit the masthead light but may do so.
c) when making way through the water, in addition to the above lights, she must exhibit
sidelights and a stern light.
Vessels Engaged in Trawling
A vessel engaged in trawling, underway

and making way, less than 50 m in length
Stbd Side Head On Stern View Port Side
A vessel engaged in trawling, underway

and making way, possibly more than
50 m in length
A vessel engaged in trawling under but

not making way or at anchor
Vessels Engaged in Fishing
A vessel engaged in fishing shall exhibit the following lights
a) two all round lights in a vertical line, the upper being red and the lower being white
b) where there is outlying gear extending more than 150 m horizontally from the vessel,
an all round white light in the direction of the gear
c) when making way through the water, in addition to the above lights, she must exhibit
Vessels Engaged in Fishing
A vessel engaged in fishing underway

and making way. Gear extends less
than 150 m.
Stbd Side Head On Stern View Port Side Note: there is no masthead light .
A vessel engaged in fishing,

underway but stopped, or at anchor.
Gear extends less than 150 m.
A vessel engaged in fishing,

underway but stopped, or at
anchor, but with gear extending
more than 150 m, in the direction
Stbd Side Head On Stern View Port Side of the extra white light.
a) A vessel engaged in trawling underway and making way,

possibly more than 50m in length
b) A vessel engaged in trawling, possibly less than 50 m in length

c) A vessel engaged in fishing, underway and making way , less than

50m in length.
Click on the one you think is correct

a) A vessel engaged in fishing underway and making way,

possibly more than 50m in length.
b) A vessel engaged in fishing underway or at anchor, with nets

extending more than 150m.
c) A vessel engaged in fishing underway and making way,seen from the

port side with nets extending possibly more than 50m in length.

a) A vessel engaged in trawling with nets extending more than 150m,

underway or at anchor.
b) A vessel engaged in trawling, possibly more than 50m in length,

underway and making way.
c) A vessel engaged in trawling, less than 50m in length, underway

and making way

a) A vessel engaged in fishing, underway and making way, towing a

marker buoy.
b) A vessel engaged in fishing, at anchor, with nets extending more than 150 m.
c) A vessel engaged in fishing, underway and making way,

with nets extending more than 150m

a) A vessel engaged in trawling, greater than 50m in length underway and

making way
b) A vessel engaged in trawling underway and making way, seen from astern
c) A vessel engaged in trawling at anchor with nets extending

more than 150m astern

Additional Lights for Fishing
Vessels
Shooting Hauling Nets Fast

Nets Nets on Obstruction
Vessels engaged in trawling may show additional lights when in close proximity to other
fishing vessels:
a) two all round white lights in a vertical line when shooting their nets
b) when hauling their nets two all round lights in a vertical line the upper being white,
the lower being red
c) two all round red lights when their nets are fast on an obstruction
These lights are exhibited in addition to their normal steaming lights

Section 4
Section 4
Steaming lights of a Vessel

Not Under Command
Vessels Not Under Command
A vessel not under command shall exhibit the following lights
a) two all round lights in a vertical line, the upper and the lower being red
b) when making way through the water, in addition to the above lights, she must exhibit
Vessels Not Under Command
A vessel not under command, underway and making way. Note No masthead lights
A vessel not under command, stopped and making no way through the water. Note No masthead lights
a) A vessel not under command, seen from the port side, underway and making way
b) A vessel not under command, seen from the stbd side, underway and making way
c) A vessel not under command, seen from the stbd side, underway and
possibly making way

Section 5
Section 5

Restricted in her Ability to Manoeuvre
Vessel Restricted in Ability to
Manoeuvre
A Vessel restricted in its ability to manoeuvre shall exhibit the following lights
a) Three all round lights in a vertical line, where they can best be seen, the
upper and lower being red and the middle one being white.
b) In addition when making way through the water, masthead lights for a
vessel of her length, side lights and a stern light
c) When at anchor, in addition to the lights prescribed in a) above, anchor

lights for a vessel of her size.
Manoeuvre
A vessel restricted in its ability to

manoeuvre, underway and making way,
less than 50m in length
A vessel restricted in its ability to

manoeuvre, underway and making
way, possibly more than 50m in length.
Manoeuvre
A vessel restricted in its ability to manoeuvre,

underway but not making way.
A Vessel restricted in its ability to manoeuvre

at anchor, less than 50 m in length
A Vessel restricted in its ability to manoeuvre

at anchor, more than 50 m in length
Section 6
Section 6
Steaming lights of a Vessel Engaged in

Towing
Restricted in her Ability to Manoeuvre
Vessel Engaged in Towing Restricted in
Ability to Manoeuvre
A vessel engaged in towing, where the

length of the towing vessel is less than 50m
and the length of the tow is more than
200m, restricted in her ability to
manoeuvre.
Stbd Side Head On View Stern View Port Side
A vessel engaged in towing , where the

towing vessel is possibly more than 50
m in length, the length of the tow is
less than 200m, restricted in her ability
Stbd Side Head on View Stern View Port side to manoeuvre
Note in this one case the vessel does not switch off her masthead lights, sidelights and
stern lights if it is stopped. IT IS MORE IMPORTANT THAT IT IS KNOWN TO BE
TOWING
Section 7
Section 7
Steaming lights of a Vessel Restricted

in her Ability to Manoeuvre, Engaged
in Underwater Operations
Vessel Restricted in Ability to Manoeuvre
engaged in Underwater Operations
A Vessel restricted in its ability to manoeuvre engaged in underwater operations

shall exhibit the following lights
a) Three all round lights in a vertical line, where they can best be seen, the
upper and lower being red and the middle one being white.
b) In addition when making way through the water, masthead lights for a
vessel of her length, side lights and a stern light
c) When at anchor, only the lights in a) above
d) When an obstruction exists to one side then additionally the vessel will exhibit
i) two all round red lights, in a vertical line, on the side of the
obstruction
ii) two all round green lights, in a vertical line, on the side that is
clear to indicate that it is safe to pass on that side.
A vessel engaged in underwater operations, underway or at

anchor, restricted in her ability to manoeuvre, with an
obstruction to the left side of the picture.
Note: it is not possible to tell whether the vessel is being viewed
from ahead, astern or port or stbd sides as these lights are all
round lights.
You can only tell which side it is not safe to pass on
Safe to pass on this side
Unsafe to pass on this side

Stbd Side Head on View Stern View Port Side
A vessel engaged in underwater operations, restricted in her ability to manoeuvre,

underway and making way, possibly more than 50 m in length, with an
underwater obstruction on her starboard side.
A vessel engaged in underwater operations, restricted in her ability to manoeuvre,

underway and making way, less than 50 m in length, with an underwater
obstruction on her port side.
Section 8
Section 8

Mine Clearance Operations
Vessel Engaged in Mine Clearance
Operations
A vessel engaged in Mine clearance operations when underway

or underway and making way shall exhibit:
I) a masthead light forward
ii) a second masthead light aft and higher than the forward one,
although a vessel of less than 50m in length is not obliged to
show this light but may do so.
iii) sidelights
iv) a sternlight
v) three all round green lights, one at or near the foremast head
and one at each end of the foremast yard.
Vessel Engaged in Mine Clearance
Operations
A vessel engaged in mine

sweeping operations, underway
and possibly making way, less
than 50m in length
Stbd Side Head on View Stern View Port side
A vessel engaged in mine

sweeping operations, underway
and possibly making way,
possibly greater than 50m in
length
Stbd Side Head on View Stern View Port side
a) A vessel restricted in its ability to manoeuvre, underway, greater than 50m in length
b) A vessel restricted in its ability to manoeuvre, at anchor, greater than 50m in length
c) A vessel restricted in its ability to manoeuvre, underway and making way, possibly
greater than 50m in length
Click on the one which is correct

a) A vessel engaged in underwater operations, possibly greater than 50m in length,

underway and making way, with an obstruction on the stbd side.
b) A vessel engaged in underwater operations, possibly greater than 50m in length,

underway or at anchor, with an obstruction on the port side.
c) A vessel engaged in underwater operations, greater than 50m in length,

making way through the water, with an obstruction on the port side.
Click on the one which you think is correct

a) A vessel engaged in towing, restricted in her ability to manoeuvre, where the

length of the tow is less than 200m and the length of the towing vessel is greater
than 50m, underway and possibly making way
b) A vessel engaged in towing, restricted in her ability to manoeuvre, where the
length of the tow is greater than 200m and the length of the towing vessel is
possibly greater than 50m, underway and possibly making way
c) A vessel engaged in towing, restricted in her ability to manoeuvre, where the

length of the tow is greater than 200m and the length of the towing vessel is
possibly greater than 50m, underway and making way

a) A vessel engaged in mine clearance operations, underway and making way,

b) A vessel engaged in mine clearance operations, underway and making way,

possibly greater than 50m in length
c) A vessel engaged in mine clearance operations, underway and possibly

making way, possibly greater than 50m in length

a) A vessel restricted in its ability to manoeuvre, at anchor, possibly

b) A vessel restricted in its ability to manoeuvre, less than 50m in

length, underway but not making way
c) A vessel restricted in its ability to manoeuvre, underway and making

way, seen from astern
Click on the one which is correct.

a) A vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre at anchor, greater than 50m

in length, seen from the port side
b) A vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre at anchor, possibly greater

than 50m in length, seen from the port side
c) A vessel restricted in her ability to manoeuvre at anchor, possibly greater

than 50m in length, seen from the stbd side
Click on the one which is correct.

a) A vessel engaged in underwater operations, less than 50m in length at anchor, with
an obstruction on the port side
b) A vessel engaged in underwater operations, less than 50m in length, underway and
making way, with an obstruction on the stbd side
c) A vessel engaged in underwater operations, underway and making way, seen from
astern, with an obstruction on her port side
Click which on the one which is correct

a) A vessel engaged in towing alongside, less than 50m in length, underway and
possibly making way, restricted in its ability to manoeuvre.
b) A vessel engaged in pushing ahead, less than 50m in length, underway and
making way, restricted in its ability to manoeuvre.
c) A vessel engaged in towing alongside, less than 50m in length, underway and
making way, restricted in its ability to manoeuvre.Length of tow less
than 200m.

Section 9
Section 9
Navigation Lights of a Vessel at

Anchor
Vessels At Anchor
A vessel at anchor shall exhibit:
a) in the fore part of the vessel, an all round white light
b) if more than 50m in length a second all round white light, lower
than that in a) above, at or near the stern, A vessel less than 50m
may instead show the single all round white light in a) above.
c) if more than 100m in length then a vessel at anchor should switch

on her deck lights. A vessel less than 100m may also show its
deck lights whilst at anchor.
Vessels At Anchor
A vessel at anchor, less than 50m in length. Note: this cannot be

distinguished from a stern light, without radar assistance.
A vessel at anchor, possibly more

than 50m in length
Stbd Side Head on or Stern Port Side
A vessel at anchor, possibly

more than 100m in length

a) A vessel at anchor, possibly more than 50m in length, seen for the port side
b) A vessel at anchor, possibly more than 50m in length, seen for the stbd side
c) A vessel at anchor, more than 50m in length, seen for the stbd side

Section 10
Section 10
Navigation Lights of a Vessel Aground

A Vessel Aground
In addition to the anchor lights for a vessel of its size, a vessel aground shall
exhibit:
two all round red lights in a vertical line, where they can best be seen
A Vessel Aground
A vessel less than 50m aground
A vessel possibly more than

50m aground
a) A vessel, possibly greater than 50m, aground seen from the port side
b) A vessel greater than 50m aground seen from the port side
c) A vessel greater than 50m aground seen from the stbd side

Section 11
Section 11

Constrained by her Draught
A Vessel Constrained by her Draught
A vessel constrained by her draught shall exhibit the lights for a power
driven vessel of her size and in addition must exhibit:
three all round red lights, in a vertical line, where they can best be seen
A Vessel Constrained by her Draught
A vessel constrained by her

draught, underway and possibly
making way, less than 50m in
length
A vessel constrained by her

draught, underway and possibly
making way, possibly more than
50m in length
a) A vessel constrained by her draught, making way, greater than 50m in

length, seen from the port side
b) A vessel constrained by her draught, making way, possibly greater than

50m in length, seen from the port side
c) A vessel constrained by her draught, underway and possibly making way,

possibly greater than 50m in length, seen from the port side

Section 12
Section 12

Pilotage
A Vessel Engaged in Pilotage
A vessel engaged in Pilotage shall exhibit:
a) at or near the masthead, two all round lights, the upper being white
and the lower being red.
b) in addition, when underway, she will exhibit side lights and a stern
light
c) when at anchor, in addition to a) above, anchor lights for a vessel

of her size.
A Vessel Engaged in Pilotage
A vessel engaged in pilotage underway

and possibly making way. No
indication of length.
Stbd Side Head On View Stern View Port Side
A vessel engaged in pilotage duty at

anchor, less than 50m in length.
Stbd Side Head on / Stern View Port Side

a) A vessel engaged in pilotage duty, underway and possibly making way,
b) A vessel engaged in pilotage duty, underway and possibly making way, less than
50m in length.
c) A vessel engaged in pilotage duty, making way, less than 50m in length.

Section 13
Section 13
Steaming lights of a Sailing Vessel

A Sailing Vessel
A sailing vessel underway shall exhibit:
a) sidelights
b) sternlight
If less than 20 metres in length, then the lights in a) and b) above may be
carried in a combined lantern, carried at or near the top of the masthead.
A sailing vessel may additionally exhibit two all round lights at or near the
masthead. The upper light being red and the lower being green.
NOTE: these may not be carried if the lights in a) and b) above take the form of
a combined lantern
A Sailing Vessel
A sailing vessel underway, possibly

making way.

making way, showing optional
Stbd Side Head on View Stern View Port Side masthead lights

making way, exhibiting the
Stbd Side Head on View Stern View Port Side combined lantern at the masthead
a) A sailing vessel underway and making way, less than 20m in length.
b) A sailing vessel underway and possibly making way.
c) A sailing vessel underway and possibly making way, less than 20m in length.

Congratulations
You have now completed all the exercises in light recognition.

Could you please complete the questionnaire as this will help us develop
this programme further and also produce other similar programmes for
the use of students preparing for MCA orals.
If you are now feeling confident try the tutor assessment on light
recognition and hand in your answer sheet at the end. If you are unsure
then run through this programme again
Click here to rerun the programme
The next slide contains details of the tutor assignment.

TUTOR ASSIGNMENT
The tutor assignment is also on this disc and is located oin a powerpoint file
called
Assessment .ppt
The answer grid can be found in a file called
Answergrid.doc
Please use the grid to record your answers to each of the questions and then
send it back to college.

International Regulations For The Prevention of Collisions at Sea

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International Regulations For The Prevention of Collisions at Sea

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International Regulations for the

Prevention of Collisions at Sea

a) Masthead Lights a) White

d) Towing Light d) Yellow

e) All round Lights

A masthead light is always white in

112.5o 112.5o It is exhibited over an unbroken arc of

Aft This arc starts from right forward to

Forward Every vessel must have a sternlight

The arc of visibility of a sternlight is

Sternlights are always white in

Towing lights are exhibited by a vessel

Sidelight 3 nmls 2 nmls 1 nml

Sternlight 3 nmls 2 nmls 2 nmls

Towing Light 3 nmls 2 nmls 2 nmls

Steaming lights of a Power Driven

A power driven vessel when underway or underway and

I) a masthead light forward

ii) a second masthead light aft and higher than the

The diagram opposite shows the plan

If the vessel is less then 50m in length

Below is a plan view of the navigation lights of a power driven

Lets consider four points of view from positions A, B, C and D

From Position A, directly ahead

He will not be able to see the sternlight as he is outside its arc of

View from position B

He is unable to see the green starboard sidelight or the

Here we can see only a single

This is a stern light

View from position D

Stbd Side Head On Stern PortSide

Power Driven Vessel

b) A power driven vessel underway and possibly

c) A power driven vessel underway and making way,

Click on the answer you think is the correct one.

Power Driven Vessel

b) A power driven vessel underway and possibly

c) A power driven vessel underway and possibly

Click on the answer you think is the correct one.

Steaming lights of a Vessel Engaged

A vessel being towed shall exhibit

Length of tow less

Length of tow less

A vessel being towed must show the following lights

Stbd Side Head On Stern PortSide

View from Stbd Side View from Stbd Side

Vessel Engaged in Towing

b) A vessel greater than 50m in length, engaged in towing

c) A vessel engaged in towing where the length of the tow

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Vessel Engaged in Towing The lights represent

b) A vessel possibly greater than 50m in length, engaged in

c) A vessel engaged in towing where the length of the tow

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The lights shown represent

c) A vessel pushing ahead where the length of the pushing vessel is

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Steaming lights of a Vessel Engaged

a) Vessels engaged in trawling

b) Vessels engaged in fishing other than trawling

A vessel engaged in trawling shall exhibit the following lights

A vessel engaged in trawling, underway

A vessel engaged in trawling, underway