Vectors and

Scalars
Mr. Gerry V. Cabristante Jr.
VECTORS and SCALARS

Everything that is related to force or

distance and has a direction, is
considered as vector.
VECTORS and SCALARS
• Which do you think is vector and which is scalar?

A. 45 km, north B. 67 km

C. 32 m D. 30 m, east

E. 15 miles F. 21 km, southeast

VECTORS and SCALARS
Vectors Scalars
Vectors are physical quantities Scalars are physical quantities
that have both magnitude and that can be represented by a
direction. single number.

Example: Example:
45 km, North 67 km
30 m, east 32 m
21 km, southeast 15 miles
VECTORS and SCALARS

•The notations used when doing a vector

• 

is usually represented by either a letter

with an arrow above the letter: or a
bold-face letter: A, B, a, b etc.
VECTORS and SCALARS

•Some vector can be solved by adding up

all of the actual path taken from starting
point to the ending point.
 
𝑅 =⃗
⃗ 𝑟 1 +⃗
𝑟 2+ ⃗
𝑟 3+ ⃗
𝑟 4 +… ..+⃗
𝑟𝑛
Example:
•Suppose that you are travelling from
home to school.
Example:
•Suppose that you are travelling from
home to school.

𝒓𝟑
⃗
 

𝒓𝟐
⃗
 

𝒓𝟓
⃗
 

  𝒓𝟏
⃗
𝒓𝟒
⃗
 
Example:
• 

𝒓𝟑
⃗
 

𝒓𝟐
⃗
 
 
𝑹
⃗
  𝒓𝟏
⃗ 𝒓𝟓
⃗
 
𝒓𝟒
⃗
 
Example:
• 

𝟐𝟑𝒎
 

𝟏𝟓𝒎
 
 
𝑹
⃗

𝟖𝒎
  𝟐𝟑𝒎
 
𝟐𝟎𝒎
 
Solution:
 
VECTORS and SCALARS

•There are cases like the figure shown

below whose displacement are
perpendicular ( forms a 90° angle ) where
the thick gray arrow represents the sum of
vector
 
2 2
⃗|=√|⃗
|𝐶 𝐴| + ¿|⃗
𝐵| ¿
Example:
•Suppose that the driver of the car
wants to go to a gas station, he
travels 25 km, East and then he
goes 20 km, N. How far is the gas
station from the starting point of
the car?
Solution:
• 

C=
C=
?
C=  20

C = 32.02 km  25
VECTORS and SCALARS

•Using the parallelogram method we can

solve some vectors that are alike in the
figure below using the formula :
 
𝑪=⃗
⃗ 𝑨+ ⃗
𝑩
Example:
•A big slingshot is placed in an open field, an
angry bird is used as volley. As the bird stretches
the slingshot the rubber generates 15 N force,
now the other end of slingshot is placed East
and the other is Northeast. Find how far will the
bird fly if he let go at that position?
Solution:
Solution:
C = 15 m + 15 m
 𝟏𝟓
C = 30 m
𝑵

 𝟏𝟓 𝑵
VECTORS and SCALARS

•There are also some cases where the

vector subtracts is the given vector, for
example:
 
𝑪=⃗
⃗ 𝑨−⃗
𝑩
Example:
•A tag of war is done in a party, the team A
has 5 members while team B has 3
members only, approximately each person
generate 5 N of force. Using vector which
team would likely to win?
Solution:
3 person x 5 N 5 person x 5 N
= 15 N = 25 N

= 25 m - 15 m
= 10m