Materials Handling Technologies

PAN AFRICAN INSTITUTE FOR DEVELOPMENT-WEST AFRICA (PAID-WA) BUEA

SLIDE LECTURES FOR STRATEGIC

LOGISTICS TECHNOLOGY
02/04/2018 1
STRATEGIC LOGISTICS
TECHNOLOGY
PRESENTED BY
NGANG PEREZ
(MAJOR ONE)
APRIL 2020
02/04/2018 2
CHAPTER FOUR
MATERIALS HANDLING
TECHNOLOGIES
02/04/2018 3
Brief Introduction
 “You’re only as good as the tools you use”
 This saying has been around for many years and

highlights the importance of using the correct
tool for the job
 It means that employees are only as good as the

tools that they use, too.
02/04/2018 4
Brief Introduction
What do I mean by tools?
 This could be:
 Devices, equipment, mechanisms, resources,

applications — anything that is utilized during
the job to assist you in completing your task.
 “You’re only as good as the tools you use”

02/04/2018 5
Brief Introduction
 There are thousands of tools out there.
 But the challenge for managers is to find the

right ones to implement in the workplace.
 Whether physical equipment or software

application it is important for your business to
have the correct tools to do work effectively.
6
Brief Introduction
Objectives

By the end of this session, students should be able to;
• Define the term material handling.

• Explain the why of material handling
• Outline the importance of material handling
• Classify material handling
• Distinguish the various types of MHE
• Identify design consideration in material handling
8
DEFINITION OF KEY TERMS
(a) Material Handling:
Material Handling is the movement,

storage, control and protection of materials,
throughout the process of manufacturing,
distribution process including their
consumption and disposal.
02/04/2018 9
DEFINITION OF KEY TERMS
(b) Material Handling Equipment (MHE):
Refers to any tool or equipment used for the

movement , storage ,protection, consumption
and disposal of materials within a facility or
at a site.
02/04/2018 10
3.3.1: What is Materials Handling
02/04/2018
111
4.3.1: What is Materials Handling
 Material handling is the function of moving the right
material to the right place in the right time, in the right
amount, in sequence, and in the right condition to
minimize production cost.
212
4.3.2: Why Material Handling
The essential reasons for a good materials handling system
may be summarized as.
 For efficient and safe movement of materials to the
desired place.
 For timely movement of the materials when needed.
 For supply of materials at the desired rate.
 For storing of materials utilizing minimum space.
 For lowest cost solution to the materials handling

activities. 313
4.3.3: Importance of Material Handling
414
4.3.4: Limitations Of Materials Handling.
The following are considered limitations of
materials handling
515
4.3.5: Classification and Application of MHE.
The material handling technically classified

into five distinct functional divisions or
spheres of activity are:-
1. Bulk handling

2. Unit handling
3. Packaging
4. Warehousing
5. Carrier handling 616
717
8
9
10
11
4.3.6: Types of material handling equipment.
There are principally four types of materials

handling equipment:
Transport Equipment
Positioning Equipment
Unit Load Formation Equipment
Storage Equipment 12 22
1.Transport Equipment.
These equipment are used to move materials

from one location to other:
The major subcategories of transport equipment are:
1. Conveyors. Equipment used to move materials over a fixed

path between specific points.
2. Cranes. Equipment used to move materials over variable

paths within a restricted area.
13 23
1.Transport Equipment.
 These equipment are used to move materials from one

location to other:
 The major subcategories of transport equipment are:
3. Industrial Trucks. Equipment used to move materials over variable

paths, with no restrictions on the area covered by the movement (i.e.,
unrestricted area).
4. No Equipment. Material can also be transported manually using no

equipment.
14 24
Transport Equipment- (i) Conveyors.
 Equipment used to move materials over a fixed path
between specific points
 Conveyors are especially useful in applications involving

the transport of heavy or bulky materials.
 They also have popular consumer applications, as they

are often found in supermarkets and airports,
constituting the final leg of item/ bag delivery to
customers.
15 25
16
17 27
Types of Conveyers.
Mainly there are about 20 types of conveyors
 Belt conveyors
 Chute conveyers
 Wheel conveyors
 Roller conveyors
 Chain conveyors
 Slat conveyors
 Flat belt conveyors
 Magnetic belt conveyors
 Vertical conveyors 18 28
Transport Equipment- (ii) Cranes.
 Equipment used to move materials over variable paths
within a restricted area
19 29
 Types of Cranes
20 30
 Types of Cranes
21 31
Transport Equipment- (iii) Industrial Trucks.
 Industrial Trucks
 Equipment used to move materials over variable paths, with
no restrictions on the area covered by the movement).
 Provide vertical movement if the truck has lifting capabilities
 Used when there is insufficient (or intermittent) flow volume

such that the use of a conveyor cannot be justified
 Provide more flexibility in movement than conveyors and

cranes
 Not licensed to travel on public roads—"commercial trucks"

22
 Important Considerations for Industrial Trucks
 Pallet/Non-Pallet: Does the truck have forks for handling
pallets, or does the truck have a flat surface on which to place
loads.
 Manual/Powered: Does the truck have manual or powered

vertical (lifting) and/or horizontal (travel) movement
capabilities.
Manual => walk => operator provides the force needed for lifting loads
and/or pushing the vehicle.
Powered => on-board power source (e.g., batteries) used for lifting
23 33
and/or travel.
 Important Considerations for Industrial Trucks
 Walk/Ride:
Can the operator ride on the truck (in either a standing or sitting
position) or is the operator required to walk with the truck
during travel.
24
 Types of Industrial Trucks
25 35
 Types of Industrial Trucks.
26 36
 Automated Guided Vehicles.
27 37
 The type of AGVSs.
28 38
Unit Load Equipment
 Unit load formation equipment used to restrict

materials so that they maintain their integrity when
handled a single load during transport and for storage
 Primary advantage of using unit loads is the capability

of handling more items at a time and reducing the
number of trips, handling cost, loading and unloading
times, and product damage.
29 39
 Common methods of unitizing a unit load
30
40
 Moving of the unit load: THE HOW
31 41
 EUROPE vs USA UNIT LOAD
32
Positioning Equipment.
33
 Major types of positioning equipment are
34
 Major types of positioning equipment are
35
 Example of positioning equipment in use:
36
 Example of positioning equipment in use:
37
Storage Equipment.
 Storage equipment used for holding or buffering

materials over a period of time. The major types of
storage equipment are.
 The most common reason for storing a product is

because the fixed costs associated with utilizing the
element can be spread over more products; e.g., storing
up to a truckload of product in a facility reduces the
per-unit costs of shipping
38
Other reasons for storage include:
time bridging-allows product to be available

when it is needed.
Processing—for some products (e.g., wine),

storage can be considered as a processing
operation because the product undergoes a
required change during storage
Securing—e.g., nuclear waste storage 39

The major types of storage equipment are:
40

 1. Selective Pallet Rack
41

 2. Drive-Through Rack
42

 3. Drive-In Rack
43

 4. Automatic Storage/Retrieval Systems (AS/RS)
 AS/RS systems are designed for automated storage and

retrieval of parts and items in manufacturing,
distribution, retail, wholesale and institutions.
 They first originated in the 1960s, initially focusing on

heavy pallet loads but with the evolution of the
technology the handled loads have become smaller.
44

Advantages: fewer
material handlers,
better material control
(including security), and
more efficient use of
storage space
Disadvantages: high
capital and maintenance
costs, and difficult to
modify 45

Advantages: fewer
material handlers,
better material control
(including security), and
more efficient use of
storage space
Disadvantages: high
capital and maintenance
costs, and difficult to
modify 46
4.3.7: Application Area of MHE.
The application of materials handling is very
wide:
1. Manufacturing industry

2. Building construction industry
3. Heavy construction industry
4. Mining industry
5. Food industry
6. Automotive and transportation industry
47
Material Handling in Super Market
48
Material Handling in Timber Exploitation
49
Material Handling in Brewery Industry
50
Material Handling in Bakery Sector
51
Material Handling in Air Port
52
4.3.8: Design considerations in Material
handling.
The following aspects must be considered in the

design of an efficient material handling system.
I. Material characteristics

II. Flow rate
III. Plant layout
IV. Unit load principle
53
handling.
54
handling.
1
55
handling.
56
handling.
This is usually the base for handling materials
57
handling.
58
handling.
59
handling.
60
3.3.8: Design considerations in Material handling.
I. Material characteristics
II. Flow rate
III. Plant layout
IV. Unit load principle

61
1.6 Review Question
3. What are the main options for a logistics strategy? (20mks)
4. What factors affect the choice of logistics strategy? Take an

organization that you are familiar with, and say exactly how you
would set about designing a logistics strategy? (20mks)
62
2.6 Review Question
1. To
2. errt
Thank you
02/04/2018 74

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PAN AFRICAN INSTITUTE FOR DEVELOPMENT-WEST AFRICA (PAID-WA) BUEA

SLIDE LECTURES FOR STRATEGIC

 “You’re only as good as the tools you use”

 This saying has been around for many years and

 It means that employees are only as good as the

 This could be:

 Devices, equipment, mechanisms, resources,

 “You’re only as good as the tools you use”

 There are thousands of tools out there.

 But the challenge for managers is to find the

 Whether physical equipment or software

• Define the term material handling.

(a) Material Handling:

Material Handling is the movement,

(b) Material Handling Equipment (MHE):

Refers to any tool or equipment used for the

 For timely movement of the materials when needed.

 For supply of materials at the desired rate.

 For storing of materials utilizing minimum space.

 For lowest cost solution to the materials handling

The material handling technically classified

1. Bulk handling

There are principally four types of materials

Unit Load Formation Equipment

These equipment are used to move materials

1. Conveyors. Equipment used to move materials over a fixed

2. Cranes. Equipment used to move materials over variable

 These equipment are used to move materials from one

3. Industrial Trucks. Equipment used to move materials over variable

4. No Equipment. Material can also be transported manually using no

 Conveyors are especially useful in applications involving

 They also have popular consumer applications, as they

 Provide vertical movement if the truck has lifting capabilities

 Used when there is insufficient (or intermittent) flow volume

 Provide more flexibility in movement than conveyors and

 Not licensed to travel on public roads—"commercial trucks"

 Manual/Powered: Does the truck have manual or powered

 Unit load formation equipment used to restrict

 Primary advantage of using unit loads is the capability

 Major types of positioning equipment are

 Major types of positioning equipment are

 Example of positioning equipment in use:

 Example of positioning equipment in use:

 Storage equipment used for holding or buffering

 The most common reason for storing a product is

Other reasons for storage include:

time bridging-allows product to be available

Processing—for some products (e.g., wine),

Securing—e.g., nuclear waste storage 39

The major types of storage equipment are:

The major types of storage equipment are:

The major types of storage equipment are:

The major types of storage equipment are:

The major types of storage equipment are:

 AS/RS systems are designed for automated storage and

 They first originated in the 1960s, initially focusing on

The major types of storage equipment are:

The major types of storage equipment are:

1. Manufacturing industry

The following aspects must be considered in the

I. Material characteristics

II. Flow rate

III. Plant layout