Geo thermal and hydro electrical

power plant environmental impacts

Presented By:- Zartash Ahmed Malik

Geo thermal power plant
Geo thermal power plants are those power plants
which produce electricity from natural sourse of
steam and hot water from aquifers of hot water
.heated by hot rocks underground
There are three types of goe thermal power plant
in working
Dry steam power plants
Flash steam power plants
Binary cycle power plants
Environmental impact
drawn from the deep earth carry a mixture of gases, notably carbon dioxide (CO2), hydrogen sulfide (H2S),
methane (CH4) and ammonia (NH3). These pollutants contribute to global warming, acid rain, and noxious
smells if released. Geothermal plants could theoretically inject these gases back into the earth, as a form of
carbon capture and storage.
Existing geothermal electric plants emit an average of 122 kg of CO2 per megawatt-hour (MW·h) of electricity, a
small fraction of the emission intensity of conventional fossil fuel plants.

In addition to dissolved gases, hot water from geothermal sources may hold in solution trace amounts of toxic
chemicals such as mercury, arsenic, boron, antimony, and salt. These chemicals come out of solution as the
water cools, and can cause environmental damage if released. The modern practice of injecting geothermal
fluids back into the Earth to stimulate production has the side benefit of reducing this environmental risk.

Enhanced geothermal systems can trigger earthquakes as part of hydraulic fracturing. The project in Basel,
Switzerland was suspended because more than 10,000 seismic events measuring up to 3.4 on the Richter Scale
occurred over the first 6 days of water injection.

Geothermal has minimal land and freshwater requirements. Geothermal plants use 3.5 square kilometres per
gigawatt of electrical production versus 32 and 12 square kilometres for coal facilities and wind farms
respectively.They use 20 litres of freshwater per MW·h versus over 1000 litres per MW·h for nuclear, coal, or oil.
Reduce health impacts
An analysis by Abt Associates assesses the health impacts related to
power plant emissions. Reducing power plant nitrogen emissions
by one million tons and sulfur emissions by four million tons as of
2010 would mean:
•The number of related deaths would be reduced by 8714, with an
associated healthcare savings of almost 53 million
•The number of related heart attacks would be reduced by 13,924,
with an associated healthcare savings of almost 2 million .
Environmental Impacts of HPP
Large dams have led to the extinction of many fish
and other aquatic species
the disappearance of birds in floodplains
huge losses of forest
wetland and farmland
erosion of coastal deltas
some of the environmental effects of a dam may not
be realised for hundreds of years after construction.
A dam can thus be regarded as a huge, long-term and
largely irreversible environmental experiment
without a control
Environment & Resettlement Of
Bhasha Dam
(After Reducing Dam Height by 10m)
• No. of villages affected 30
• No. of Houses Affected 2200
• Population affected 22,000
• Agricultural land submerged 1,500 acres
• Area under reservoir 25,000 acres
• Proposed new settlements 9
• Infrastructure Electricity, roads, water supply, schools,
health centres etc.
The EnD