ELECTRICAL DESIGN

Electricity
• Electricity – Motion of electric charges.

• Father of electricity - Michale Faraday

• History :

– Long before any knowledge of electricity existed, people were aware of

shocks from electric fish from 2750 BCE referred to these fish as the

"Thunderer of the Nile"

– Ancient cultures around the Mediterranean knew that certain objects,

such as rods of amber, could be rubbed with cat's fur to attract light

objects like feathers.

– Thales of Miletus made a series of observations on static electricity

around 600 BCE, from which he believed that friction rendered amber

magnetic.
– Thales was incorrect in believing the attraction was

due to a magnetic effect, but later science would

prove a link between magnetism and electricity.

– According to a controversial theory, the Parthians

may have had knowledge of electroplating, based on

the 1936 discovery of the Baghdad Battery, which

resembles a galvanic cell, though it is uncertain

whether the artifact was electrical in nature.

– Electricity would remain little more than an

intellectual curiosity for millennia until 1600

• Electrical Design
 STANDARDS
The following standards being followed for Electrical Design,

i. IS - Indian Standards.

ii. NEC - National Electrical Code.

iii. NBC - National Building Code.

iv. IEEE - Institute Of Electrical And Electronics Engineers.

v. IEC - International Electrotechnical Commission.

vi. ANSI - American National Standards Institute.

 SPACE ALLOCATION
The space allocation for the following areas shall be considered to the

Electrical Design:

• EB yard.

• HT yard.

• DG Room.

• MV Panel Room.

• Electrical Shaft.

• Communication Shaft.

• Cable Routing.
 DRAWING REQUIREMENTS FROM
ARCHITECT’S
i. Site Plan.

ii. Floor Plan.

iii. False Ceiling layout.

iv. Area to be Air Conditioned.

v. Fire Fighting requirements.

vi. Furniture Layout.

vii. Equipment Layout.

 SPACE PLANNING-RING MAIN UNIT (RMU)
• Space Requirement:

 Outdoor- 5 x 5 Mts.

 Indoor - 5 x 6 Mts.

• RMU should be within 30 Mts. from main entrance.

• RMU – TNEB/TANGEDCO Scope.

• As per latest amendment RMU panel to be on a raised platform of

900mm from road level.

• RMU panel should be fenced at the height of 6 feet with front opening
door.

• For the outdoor, the RMU incoming HT cable must be bottom entry.

• For the indoor, the RMU outgoing HT cable must be top entry.
 SPACE PLANNING-HT PANEL
• To be located next to RMU.

• 1 Mt. side clearance shall be provided.

• 1.5 Mts. front clearance shall be provided.

• For outdoor the incoming HT cable entry is at bottom.

• For indoor the outgoing HT cable entry is at top.

• Meters to be provided for monitoring various parameters ( KWH, A, V,

PF).
SPACE PLANNING – TRANSFORMER
• Types of Transformer

– Indoor Transformer

– Outdoor Transformer

– USS (Unitised Substation)

 Indoor Unit

 Outdoor Unit

• USS is the combination of HT breaker, transformer and LT breaker.

• Front clearances of the USS must be 1.5 Mts.

• Side and rear clearances must be 1 Mts.

• Upto 750KVA Cable can be used for incoming.

• Above 750KVA Bus Duct has to be used for incoming.

Oil Type Transformer Dry type Transformer
SPACE PLANNING - Diesel Generator (DG)
• Types of DG

– With enclosure upto 1000KVA

– Without enclosure above 1010KVA

• Above 1010KVA room acoustic may be considered.

• For room acoustic fresh air and exhaust to be considered.

• DG exhaust pipe to be raised above the building approximately

1.5Mts.

• For more than two DG’s synchronous panel must be provided.

• DG shall be placed on raised platform of 150mm from ground level

• Pollution Control Board and CIEG norms to be followed.

• Master Fuel tank and pumping should be consider for multi DG.

• For individual DG the clearance shall be 1 Mt. all around.

• Upto 750KVA Cable can be used for incoming.

• Above 750KVA Bus Duct has to be used for incoming.

 SPACE PLANNING- Medium Voltage Panel
• For MV panel the front clearance shall be 1 Mt.

• The rear side clearance shall be either 750mm or 250mm subject to

the cables.

• The side clearance must be 750mm.

• Where rear clearance is 750mm or more, a passage way clear to a

height of 1.8 Mts. must be provided.

• If two switch boards are erected adjacent to each other in the same

line, the clearance between the two switch boards must be more

than 750mm.
 Cable

Cable

PVC XPLE
 Cable Laying
• Types of Cable laying Outdoor unit

– Hume pipe

– Directly buried in the ground

– Cable trench

• HT cable should be buried not less than 1.2Mts.

• LT cable should be buried not less than 750mm

• Cable are to be laid through Hume pipes or GI pipes to the road

crossing with inspection channel at 15 Mts. Interval.

• Indoor
– Cable Tray

– Raceway

– Conduit

• Concealed PVC Conduit.

• MS Conduit.
 Distribution Boards (DB’s)
A Distribution board is used for dividing the electrical power and distribute
into subsidiary circuits with protective fuse or circuit breaker for each
circuit in a common enclosure.

DB

SPN TPN
• SPN (Single Phase And Neutral) DB :

No. of Ways :
4,6,8,12,16,18

Incomer :
• DP MCB
• DP Isolator
• DP RCCB
• DP RCBO

Outgoings:
• SP MCB
• TPN (Three Phase and Neutral) DB :

No. of Ways :
4,6,8,12 & 16

Incomer :
• FP MCB
• FP Isolator
• FP RCCB
• FP RCBO

Outgoings:
• SP MCB
• PPI (Per Phase Isolation) DB :

No. of Ways :
Horizontal - 4,6,8,12 & 16
Tier- 6,8,10,12 & 16
Incomer :
• FP MCB
• FP Isolator
• FP RCCB
• FP RCBO
Sub Incomer :
• DP RCCB
• DP RCBO
Outgoings:
• SP MCB
• TPN Phase Segregated DB
No. of Ways : MCCB Incomer:
4,6,8 & 12
• TP/FP MCCB
Modular Incomer :
• FP MCB Sub Incomer:

• FP Isolator • DP RCCB
• FP RCCB
Modular Incomer • DP RCBO
• FP RCBO
Sub Incomer : Outgoings:

• DP RCCB • SP MCB
• DP RCBO
Outgoings:
• SP MCB

MCCB Incomer
• Flexi / Row DB
No. of Ways :
Rows and Modular

Incomer :
• DP, FP MCB
• DP, FP Isolator
• DP ,FP RCCB
• DP,FP RCBO

Outgoings:
• SP, DP, TP MCB
• VTPN DB
No. of Ways :
4,6,8,12 & 16

Incomer :
• FP MCB
• FP Isolator
• FP RCCB
• FP RCBO

Outgoings:
• SP, TP MCB
 Circuit Breaker (CB)

CB

Low Voltage Medium Voltage High Voltage

Air Blast
MCB MCCB VCB ACB SF6 Bulk Oil Minimum Oil
Vacuum
 Wiring
• Electrical Wiring
• Communication Wiring
• CCTV Wiring
• Nurse Calling bell Wiring
 Electrical Wiring
A process of connecting various accessories for distribution of

electrical energy from supplier’s meter board to home appliances such

as lamps, fans and other domestic appliances is known as Electrical

Wiring.

Point Wiring: From Switch Boxes to Fittings.

Circuit Wiring: From Distribution Board to Switch Boxes.

Wire Selection:

FR - Flame Retardant

FRLS - Flame Retardant Low Smoke

FRZH- Flame Retardant Zero Halogen

LSZH - Low Smoke Zero Halogen

HFFR- Halogen Free Flame Retardant

HRFR LSH - Heat Resistant Flame Retardant Low Smoke(Lead Free)

Wire Size:

 0.75  4
1  6

 1.5  10
 16
 2.5
Color in India:

For Phase - Red, Yellow, blue, grey, white.

For Neutral - Black.

For Earth - Green, green with yellow.

Termination:

1)Lug

2)Connector

3) BLocks
 Lug Size Image
Tubular Cable Lug
0.5 -0.75, 1.0-1.5, 2.5, 4,6, 10, 16, 25, 35,50, 70,
95, 120, 150, 185, 240, 300

Tubular Cable Lug with 35,50,70, 95, 120, 150,185,240,300

narrow flange
Tubular Cable Lug with
0.5 -0.75, 1.0-1.5, 2.5, 4,6, 10, 16, 25, 35,50, 70,
90º angle Size
95, 120, 150, 185, 240, 300
Tubular Cable Lug with 10, 16, 25, 35,50, 70, 95, 120, 150, 185, 240
45º angle Size
Joint Connector
0.5 -0.75, 1.0-1.5, 2.5, 4,6, 10, 16, 25, 35,50, 70,
95, 120, 150, 185, 240
Crimp Cable Lug 6, 10, 16, 25, 35,50, 70, 95, 120, 150, 185,
240,300
Tubular Compression 6, 10, 16, 25, 35,50, 70, 95, 120, 150, 185,
Connectors 240,300
Teminals
 RING MAIN UNIT -SPACE ALLOCATION FOR
INDOOR

• Space Requirement for Indoor unit is 5 x 5 Mts.

• RMU should be within 30 Mts. from main

entrance.

• As per latest amendment RMU panel to be on a

raised platform of 900mm from road level.

• RMU panel should be fenced at the height of 6

feet with front opening door.
 RING MAIN UNIT -SPACE ALLOCATION FOR
OUTDOOR

• Space Requirement for Indoor unit is 6 x 5 Mts.

• RMU should be within 30 Mts. from main

entrance.

• As per latest amendment RMU panel to be on a

raised platform of 900mm from road level.

• RMU panel should be fenced at the height of 6

feet with front opening door.
 HT - SPACE ALLOCATION

• To be located next to RMU.

• 1 Mt. side clearance shall be provided.

• 1.5 Mts. front clearance shall be

provided.
 TRANSFORMER – SPACE ALLOCATION

• The Front clearance shall be 1.5Mts.

• The Rear clearance shall be 1Mt.

1.0
• The side clearance shall be 1Mt.
1.0 1.0

1.5 FRONT
 DIESEL GENERATOR – SPACE ALLOCATION

• All round clearance should be

1.5Mts.

• DG exhaust pipe to be raised above

the building approximately 1.5Mts.

• Master Fuel tank and pumping

should be consider for multi DG.

• For individual DG the clearance

shall be 1Mt. all around.

 MEDIUM VOLTAGE PANEL – SPACE ALLOCATION

• For MV panel the front clearance shall

be 1Mt.

• The rear side clearance shall be either

750mm or 250mm subject to the cables.

• The side clearance must be 750mm.

• Where rear clearance is 750mm or

more, a passage way clear to a height of

1.8 Mts. must be provided.

• If two switch boards are erected

adjacent to each other in the same line,

the clearance between the two switch

boards must be more than 750mm.

RISING MAIN– SPACE ALLOCATION
 BUS DUCT – SPACE ALLOCATION

• The bus duct joints shall be at least 240mm

from the ceiling surface.

• If vertical spring hanger is installed on the

floor, the distance between bus duct joint and
base channel shall be at least 450mm.

• If vertical hanger is installed on the floor, the

distance between bus duct joint and base
channel shall be at least 300mm.

• The height of base channel is recommended to

be 75mm.

• Where it crosses a passage way, there should

be a clear head room of 1.8 meter below it.
 CABLE TRAY– SPACE ALLOCATION

• Types of Cable laying Outdoor unit

• Hume pipe

• Directly buried in the ground

• Cable trench

• HT cable should be buried not less than

1.2Mts.

• LT cable should be buried not less than

750mm.

• Cable are to be laid through Hume pipes

or GI pipes to the road crossing with

inspection channel at 15Mts. interval.

CABLE TRAY SUPPORT – SPACE ALLOCATION
INVERTER
UPS
BATTERY
BATTERY
THANK YOU