Water Supply System

Prepared by: Khairul Anam(DIS 2014)

 SUBTOPIC
i.Explain cold water supply in building
a.Direct sysytem
b.Indirect System
ii.Discuss advantages and disadvantages of the systems
iii.Explain cold water storage cistern
iv.Draw schematic diagrams of direct and indirect system
v.Explain hot water supply system
vi.Discuss advantages and disadvantages of the system
vii.Sketch schematic diagrams of hot water supply system.
At the end of this subtopic, you will be able to :
i.Sketch and describe cold water supply in building for
direct and indirect system
ii. Sketch and explain hot water supply system
iii. List advantages and disadvantages of
cold and hot water supply system
ii.Explain cold water storage cistern
 Before designing a cold-water system
for a building it is essential to know
the local Water Authority
requirements.

There are two distinct systems, namely:

direct and indirect
Cold Water Supply System for Multi-Storey Buildings

❖The supply of cold water to multi-storey buildings is done

by pumping water from the mains supply to storage tanks in
the building.

❖However, before designing the supply system ,

the pressure needed to be estimated based on the pressure
of the maximum period of water consumption.
COLD WATER SUPPLY IN
BUILDING

WATER SUPPLY

DIRECT SYSTEM INDIRECT SYSTEM

 CHARACTERISTICS
DIRECT SYSTEM
▪ Have in high pressure area.
▪ Water directly from the main pipe
to the fittings, sanitary fixtures in
the building without going to a
water storage tank.
INDIRECT SYSTEM
▪ All fixtures, fittings and sanitary
hot water cylinder will be supplied
water from the tank except for
use in the kitchen.

▪ This system is not suitable for use

to supply water to high-rise
buildings.

▪ Only the hot water cylinder [if

any] alone could supply the water
storage tank.
DIRECT SYSTEM

• Cold water distributed all

over the house at mains
pressure.
• No water tank is needed and
save cost.
• Water is fresh and clean.
DIAGRAM OF DIRECT WATER
SUPPLY
DIAGRAM OF INDIRECT
WATER SUPPLY
✔This method only allows
the water supply to the building was done
by the pump.

✔However for the purpose
of drinking, water is pumped directly into
the utility distributed drinks before being
put into the tank.

✔In this system all the sanitary fittings,

except drinking water draw-offs at sinks and
fountains, are supplied indirectly from a cold
water storage cistern.
 ADVANTAGES
DIRECT
Less pipe work and smaller storage
cistern, making it cheaper to install.
Drinking water available at wash
basins.
Smaller cold water cistern which may
be sited below the ceiling.
Cheaper to install
INDIRECT
Large capacity storage cistern,
provides a reserve of water during
the failure of the mains supply.
The water pressure on the taps
supplied from the cistern is reduced,
which minimizes noise and wear on
the taps
Fittings supplied with water from the
cistern are prevented from causing
contamination of the drinking water
by back siphonage.
Minimizes noise and wear on the
taps
 DISADVANTAGES
DIRECT SYSTEM
▪ it is quite difficult in effect and if
any damage or leaks in the main
pipe, the valve will close and
cause the water supply will be
disconnected. This is caused by
this system there is no safe water
supply
INDIRECT SYSTEM
▪ The supply of water is not clean
(there is a connection and rust in
the tank) and if the work carried
out tank cleaning, water supply
will be disconnected.
▪ Waste will occur if the ball valve
on the tank is damaged.
DETAIL OF COLD WATER CISTERN
HOT WATER SUPPLY IN BUILDING
There have two different arrangements for heating the water contained in
them. It is direct and indirect system water.

*Direct systems the water in the cylinder is heated directly, either by an

electric immersion heater in the cylinder or by the water being circulated
around a boiler. This was a common arrangement with back-boilers behind
open fireplaces and ranges such as Agas and Rayburns, but is not generally
used with central heating boilers.
* An indirect hot water cylinder works in a very different way to a
traditional direct cylinder. An indirect hot water cylinder is fed from the
cold water mains but the heat is generated by a coil of conductive pipe
which passes through the cylinder and back out again.
ADVANTAGES &
DISADVANTAGES
DIAGRAM HOT WATER SUPPLY
SYSTEM