Usama in conversation with

his thoughts
SCENE 1
SCENE 2
SCENE 3
SCENE 4:
NEXT DAY
Group Think
PRESENTED BY:
IMRAN
SABA
TAHMEED
USAMA
UMAR
ZOHA
 Groupthink is a
psychological phenomenon
 occurs within a group of
people
 in which the desire for
harmony/conformity in the
group results
 is an irrational/ dysfunctional
decision-making outcome.
 
 Symptoms of Group Think
 Illusion of Invulnerability
 Belief in Inherent Morality of the Group
 Collective Rationalization  
 Out-group Stereotypes  
And some more….
 Self-Censorship
 Illusion of Unanimity
 Direct Pressure on Dissenters
 Self-Appointed Mind Guards
Causes: The Big WHY?!
 Group Cohesiveness
 Group Isolation
 Rigid Leadership
 Decisional Stress
 Group Overconfidence & Ignorance
 NASA Challenger
 By January of 1986 America was already bored with spaceflight.
 The launch on January 28, 1986, was different.
 The seven-person crew’s included Payload Specialist Christa McAuliffe. 
 But 73 seconds after Challenger’s launch, that dream quickly became a nightmare.
 Rogers Commission went through every piece
of data to identify the disaster’s root cause.
 It was traced to a tiny rubber part called an O-
ring, which formed the seal between sections
of the solid rocket boosters.
 Thiokol engineers told NASA management
about their concerns over the O-rings and the
low temperatures.
 The Commission ultimately flagged the root
cause of the accident as “a serious flaw in the
decision-making process leading up to the
launch.”
 Bays of Pigs Invasion
• Who? US (Kennedy) Vs Cuba (Castro)
• What? US attempt to overthrow Castro
• Where? Bay of Pigs, Cuba
• When? March 1961
• Why? Communism spread from Soviet Union influence
• Results: Mission failed but JFK took the blame!!!
 Reasons for failure…
The invasion remained unsuccessful because it failed to:
 Communicate Task Force
 Specify Roles
 Encourage Norms
 Cohesiveness
 Asch’s Conformity Experiment
 Series of psychological tests
 50 male students
 Confederates VS the real participants
 “Vision test”
 Total18 trials, 12 trials were wrongly answered
by confederates
 Purpose: Showing the power of conformity
 Downsides
 Population Validity (biasness)
 Ecological Validity (artificiality)
 Ethical Guidelines (deception & psychological harm)
Solutions
 Solution 1

Create Awareness of groupthink’s loss

Groupthink
Advantages
Groupthink

disadvantages
 Solution 2

Create the Feedback Culture.

Encourage the “DEVIL’S ADVOCATES”.

 Solution 3

Remove Self-centeredness
 Solution 4

Groups Large?

Make small groups that work on the same problem

Other solutions

 Make your employees motivated to do it

 Don’t let your team know what you want

 Balance between top-down and bottom-up approaches

So, what did we learn?
Thankyou!