San Pedro College Of Business

Administration
TIME MANAGEMENT: UNVEILING THE LIFE OF
WORKING STUDENTS
 RESEARCH ABSTRACT

This study explores the

experiences of working
while studying of college
students at San Pedro
College of Business
Administration.
 Chapter 1:

The Problem and its Settings

 Introduction

Working part-time has long been part of

college students’ experiences. The number of
students undertaking employment during
academic studies has increased.
 Background of the study

Gorgulho (2012) conducted a study , the

main complaints of working students are they
don’t have enough time to eat, rest and study
their lessons and one of the reasons why they
have to work is because they need financial
support.
 Theoretical Framework

This study will be postulated on Transition

Theory created by Nancy K. Schlossberg year
1995, and redesigned by Anderson, Goodman and
Schlossberg year 2012. Transition theory
primarily explains the connection of transition
occurring in any individual, specifically students,
and how it can affect his or her lifestyle.
 Operational Framework

The operational framework will be anchored

on Transition Theory, which explained that
people experience transitions in every stage of
one’s life that they can overcome, or may fail to
do so. Thus, they should figure out what
“support and challenges” they need in order to
deal with transitions effectively (Drago-
Severson, 2002).
 Statement of the Problem

This study aims to provide an in-depth description

and understanding of the life and experiences of
working students. Specifically, this qualitative
inquiry will answer two central questions:
 
What have the participants experienced in being a
working student?
 
How have the participants experienced the
challenges of being a working student?
 
 
 Assumptions of the Study
This research is based on the following assumptions:
 
1. Working while studying may positively or
negatively affect the different aspects of a person’s
life.
 
2. Working students have experienced several
challenges in managing their time for their studies
and work.
 
 Scope and Delimitation
This study will mainly dwell on understanding
and describing the lived experiences of the
participants as working student. The researchers will
also find out the effects brought by early
employment on the participants’ personal life.
 
The participants of this study will be six college
students who are currently enrolled in San Pedro
College of Business Administration and working as
student employee. The selected participants have
experienced being a working student for at least one
year or more.
 Significance of the Study
The findings of this study could be immensely beneficial to
students for it serves as a reflection of the effects brought of
working while studying. This study would give them
knowledge about the challenges and benefits of the situation,
and may direct them in terms of balancing and observing time
management if ever they plan to enter the world of being a
working student.
 
This study would also be beneficial parents who have
children that are planning to be a working student, or to those
who are working students already. This would give them a
better understanding of the challenges faced by working
students, and would give them an idea on how to support them
and decide on whether they would allow their children to work
or not.
The result of this study may also help teachers for them to have
a better understanding of the situation of working student that
would help in guiding and motivating these students to perform
well both in school and in their work place.
 
The findings of this study would also be beneficial to business
owners. As this study reveals the life experiences of working
students, this would provide them insights on the pros and cons
of hiring an employee who is currently studying.
 
This research my also benefit the government for them to better
understand the experiences of working students at work. The
experiences revealed in this study could guide and provide them
insights on implementing new ordinance that would help
working students acquire fair treatment and salary.
 
The findings of this study may benefit future researchers as
they may come up with a more in –depth study of lived
experiences of working students and the possible effects of
doing part-time jobs on students’ academic performance and
personal life.
 
The overall process of this study will provide researchers
additional learning, improved perceptions, and a wider
understanding regarding the trials encountered by the
participants. The lived experiences shared in the research
process enhanced by the researchers’ knowledge about the
research issue, as well as their communication and
socialization skills.
 Chapter 2

REVIEW OF RELATED
LITERATURE
 This chapter reviews the related literature
which serves as a support and credit to the
information connected to this research. This
chapter also indicates the ideas relevant to the
subject relating to other studies and is briefly
discussed to provide foundation of the study.
The Emergence of working students

Students go to work for a variety of reason

including gaining work and market experience,
understanding career goals and options, meeting
social and cultural obligations, maintaining ones’
identity as a worker, cost of colleges and universities,
additional budget, and earning money to support daily
needs (Cheng & Alcantara, 2007; Goldrick-Rab et al.,
2009; Perna, 2010). Financial security was the main
reason in students’ work decisions particularly for the
essentials to survive.
 An Outgrowing Number of Working
Students
According to Child Trends in 2018, 50% of all youth,
16-24, where employed, either full- or part-time. Youth
enrolled in high school had an employment rate of 20%,
while the rate is 25% for those in college , either full-or
part-time. Those not enrolled in school had an
employment rate of 72%. Conversely, 28% of this group
is not employed, down from a peak of 37.5% in 2009.
However, only 9% of youth not enrolled in school (in
2018) were considered unemployed ; another 21% were
not in the labor force.
 Advantages of Working while
Studying
The first and most obvious advantage of being a working
student is by means of money which is a huge help for
students who can’t afford to go to college. Another advantage
is about having a work experience in which students will learn
new skills that will come handy in school or in workplace after
graduate. Budgeting is also an advantage because working
while studying helps students how to responsively handle
finances. Time management is also produced because as a
working student, it can force you to learn techniques to use
your time as a productively and efficiently as possible.
Generally speaking, students can benefit from part time jobs.
 Disadvantages of Working while
Studying

According to Korotkykh (2012), students who work

rend to have lack of time to focus and give lesser time
on their studies because it is hard to find time to study.

Not only are the studies affected by juggling time

but also the performance of the working students at
their workplace.
Mental health is also damage by factors like stress,
anxiety, depression; eating disorder are a few
consequences of balancing a busy schedule.
 Transition Theory and the
Experiences of Working Students

Developed by Schlossberg year 1995 and

redesigned by Anderson and Goodman year 2012,
transition Theory talks about how transition are
absorbed by different kinds of people, and on how it
affects their overall being. A transition can be said to
occur if any event or non event results in change of
assumptions about oneself and the world, and does
requires a corresponding change in one's behaviour and
relationships.
Gaps to be Bridged by the Present
Study

These study will attempt to address this gap by

focusing on the overall analysis of the life of some
working students, and if it brings either a positive
or negative effect. These would be analysed by
providing an in-depth understanding of working
students' lived experience.
  

Chapter 3

RESEARCH
METHODOLOGY
This chapter discusses the research design,
the selection of the participants as well as
the instrumentation and validation, data
gathering procedures and treatment and
analysis of data.
 
 Research Design
For the purpose of describing the meaning of
people's lives experiences, of a concept or
phenomenon, the researchers will use
phenomenological research design which
concentrates on identifying and analysing what all
the participants have in common as they experience
a phenomenon.
 Sources of Data

Majority of the information will be

gathered through multiple open ended
questions through 6 individuals who have
experienced working while studying.
 Participants of the Study

The participants of the study we consist

of 6 college students particularly in San
Pedro, Laguna who have experienced or are
currently experiencing being a working
student.
Instrumentation and Validation

This research will utilize multiple open ended

questions using a pre designed protocol containing the
research questions which are general and open ended
following the guidelines of Moustakas (2004) as
reinitiated by Creswell (2007). The open ended
questionnaires will be presented to the research and
some experts in the field of qualitative research who
will provide comments and recommendations to ensure
content validity.
 Data Gathering Procedure
After the validation of the research design instrument, the
researchers will observe the data gathering technique advised
by Creswell(2007). The data for this research will be
collected using open ended questions related to the research
and participants, formed by the researchers. The researchers
will select participants from the college students from San
Pedro College Of Business Administration who are currently
working while studying. After gaining access and
establishing the rapport with the working students, the
researchers will formulate an open ended questions to be
asked. After working for the questions will be given to the
selected students.
 Treatment and Analysis of Data

The researchers will treat and analyze the data

accumulated from the open ended questions. The first
step to be taken is the researchers must give time to let
the participants answer the questions. After the
respondents answer the questions, gather all the
information that you got. All the collected information
will formulate in compound description that presents
the essence of the participants ‘experience in work
while studying.
 Chapter 4

FINDINGS AND
DISCUSSION
 
The findings and discussion will be organized
according to the research questions. This way, it will be
easier to see the patterns and direct responses from the
informants. To keep the privacy of the informants, in
the discussion they will be coded as respondent 1 (R1),
respondent 2 (R2), etc.
 
Research Question 1 –What are the college students’
perceptions of working while studying? What are the reasons
for you to work while studying?

This research questions tried to explore the perceptions of

college students on working while studying. Based on the
respondents, it is confirmed that financial support and self-
development are among the driving forces of working while
studying at SPCBA. From the responses, it can be inferred that
the informants seemed to fully understand the motivation and
reasons behind working while studying.
Research Question 2 –What are the positive effects
and negative effects of working while studying? How
do you manage time in working while studying?

The second research questions looked at the positive and

negative effects of working while studying. The finding
showed that informants don’t have enough time to study
and sleep. Additionally, the positive effect is they will
gain more experience.
Research Question 3 –How long do you
work while studying?

(R1) 35 hours a week (7 hours per day)

(R2) I work 5 hours every weekdays as student
assistant here in library and attended classes for 6
hours.
(R3) I work 35 hours a week and I study 2pm to 9
pm everyday (Monday to Saturday)
(R4) 3 to 5 hours per day
(R5) 5 hours per day
(R6) almost 6 hours of working, 8 hours of studies
Research Question 4 –What are your
recommendations to those students who
want to work while studying?

(R1) Know your priority

(R2) My recommendation for those students who want to work
while studying, if your parents can afford to send you in school,
don’t put yourself into rush to work. I know you want to prove
something or help your parents but the only way to help them is to
perform well in school.
(R3) Don’t think that it is too hard. It is a big help to us to lessen
the problem financially and to help our parents.
(R4) You need to manage your time and make sure that your work
will not affect your study.
(R5) Always think your priority
(R6) Keep working and be positive and work hard.
Research Question 5 –What are the
challenges you faced when working while
studying? How you overcome your
problems? What is the effect in your
academic performance?

In this research question, the focus is on the challenges faced by

the informants and how they overcome the problems
 Chapter 5

CONCLUSIONS AND
RECOMMENDATIONS
 
Based on the findings and discussions of this study, it can
be concluded that college students have been
experiencing of working while studying at San Pedro
College of Business Administration. They seemed fully
understand the meaning of working while studying and
its consequences. The motivation behind doing this is
mainly due to financial support and self-development
and also preparation for the future. There are positive and
negative impacts of working while studying in this
school. Thus, the suggestions and recommendations for
students who have to work while studying are to be
omitted, disciplined, responsible and have good time
management.
PRESENTERS:

CABONCE, Bianca Nicole F. MODELO, Ma. Monica F. ROMA, May Ann

LABRADOR, Viance Bianca A. TORRES, Justine Kate