Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Historical Evolution of Nursing Profession
Historical Evolution of Nursing Profession
• Trephining – drilling a
hole in the skull with
a rock or stone
without anesthesia
was a last resort to
drive evil spirits from
the body of the
afflicted.
Period of Intuitive Nursing
• Nursing was “untaught” and instinctive. It was
performed of compassion for others, out of
the wish to help others.
• Period of Nightingale
Her education included
the mastery of several
ancient and modern
language, literature,
philosophy, history,
science, mathematics,
religion, art and music.
Fifteenth to Nineteenth Century
• Florence Nightingale was
born on may 12, 1820 in
Italy in a wealthy family.
• Went to Kaiserwerth for
3months
• In 1854, left with 38 women
for the Crimean War—
British casualties were high;
within 6 months, death rate
cut in half
• Made rounds at night with
a lamp “Lady of the Lamp”
Fifteenth to Nineteenth Century
Period of Nightingale
• Outbreak of the Crimean War gave Nightingale an
opportunity for achievement
• Nightingale and her nurses transformed the military
hospitals by setting up diet kitchens, a laundry,
recreation centers, and reading rooms, and
organizing classes for orderlies.
Accomplishments of Florence Nightingale
at Crimean
• Death rate decreased drastically
• Established cleanliness and sanitation rules
• Supplied special diets and plenty of food,
• Improved water supply
• Established a reputation which allowed her to
improve nursing standards at home.
Fifteenth to Nineteenth Century
Period of Nightingale
• After the war, Florence Nightingale established
the Nightingale Training School for Nursed at St.
Thomas’ hospital in London.