• Ulcerative colitis is a long-term (chronic)

condition and belongs to a category of disease

known as Inflammatory Bowel Disease. In
Ulcerative colitis, the inner lining of your
child's large intestine (colon or bowel) and
rectum gets inflamed. This inflammation often
starts in the rectum and lower (sigmoid)
intestine. Then it spreads to the whole colon.
• This causes diarrhea or frequent emptying of
the colon. As cells on the surface of the lining
of the colon die and fall off, open sores
(ulcers) form. This causes pus, mucus, and
bleeding.
• People between the ages of 15 and
30 are at greatest risk of developing
this condition. This issue can also
start in children and older adults. It
affects males and females equally.
It also seems to run in some
families.
• ETIOLOGY/ CAUSES:
• -Genetic
• -Environmental Factors (e.g. virus/ atypical bacterium)
Symptoms can happen a bit differently in each
child. They can include:

• Stomach pain/ Abdominal Cramping

• Bloody diarrhea
• Fatigue
• Weight loss
• Loss of appetite
• Rectal bleeding
• Loss of body fluids and nutrients
• Anemia caused by severe bleeding
• Some children also have the following
symptoms:

• Skin sores (lesions)

• Joint pain
• Inflammation of the eyes
• Liver problems
• Osteoporosis
• Rashes
• Kidney stones
DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURES:

• Blood tests
• Esophagogastroduodenoscopy
(also called EGD or upper
endoscopy)
• Colonoscopy
• Biopsy
• Barium enema (lower GI series).
THERAPEUTIC TECHNIQUES:

-Change in Diet

-Drug therapy
• Aminosalicylates
• Corticosteroids
• Immunomodulators

-Hospital Admission
• Proctocolectomy with ileostomy. This is the most common surgery. In a
proctocolectomy, the whole colon and rectum are taken out. In an
ileostomy, your child's surgeon makes a small opening of the abdominal
wall. The tip of the lower small intestine (ileum) is brought to the surface
of your child's skin. This allows waste to drain.
• Ileoanal anastomosis. In this surgery, just the affected part of your child's
colon is taken out. The outer muscles of the rectum aren't removed. Your
child's surgeon attaches the ileum to the inside the rectum. This forms a
pouch to hold the waste. This allows your child to pass stool through his
or her anus in a normal way. But your child's bowel movements may
happen more often and be more watery than normal.
NURSING DIAGNOSIS:
• Diarrhea
• Risk for Deficient Fluid Volume
• Anxiety
• Acute Pain
• Ineffective Coping
• Imbalanced Nutrition: Less Than Body Requirements
• Deficient Knowledge
• Acute Pain
• Ineffective Coping
• Risk for Infection Ineffective Therapeutic Regimen
Management
• Monitor vital signs
• Perform perineal care
• Collect and monitor labs (stool and blood
sample)
• Promote Bed Rest
• Monitor Input and Output
• Prepare patient / assist with colonoscopy,
sigmoidoscopy or upper endoscopy.
• Provide oral care at least every 12 hours until
• Administer Medications per order or facility
protocol (Anti-inflammatories,
Immunosuppressants, Antibiotics, Anti-
diarrheal– loperamide Pain reliever, Iron
supplements)
• Perform and educate patient to perform
stoma care if ileostomy is necessary
• Encourage patient to make healthy lifestyle
choices
• Provide nutrition education
THANK YOU!