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Ratio & Proportion
Ratio & Proportion
Ratio & Proportion
PROPORTION
RATIO
~ a relation between two numbers or two
magnitudes of the same kind.
ex. There are twice as many married employees as single
employees. Find the ratio of married employees to single
employees.
~ 2:1
2 WAYS OF FINDING THE RATIO
a. DIVISION
means
PROPORTION
ex. 9 63 Cross multiplication:
The product of the
means should be
7 49 equal to the product
of the extremes
means extremes
3 TYPES OF PROPORTION
a. Direct Proportion ~ when two values will either
increase or decrease together.
ex. If three notebooks cost P15, how many notebooks can
you buy with P60?
3 x 180
a) c) x
15 60 15
b)15 x 3(60) d ) x 12notebooks
3 TYPES OF PROPORTION
b. Indirect/Inverse Proportion ~ when one quantity increases the
other quantity decreases.
ex. If it takes 3 people to do a work in 1 month, how long will it
take 6 people to do the same work?
3 x 3
a) c) x
6 1 6
1
b )6 x 3 d )x
2
month
3 TYPES OF PROPORTION
c. Partitive Proportion ~ a whole divided into parts
ex. When a partnership agreement stipulates an agreed
capitalization of P100 000 and the partners X,Y and Z are to
divide the said capitalization in the ratio 1:2:2 respectively, how
much will each of them contribute?
1
X ~ x100000 P 20000
5
3 TYPES OF PROPORTION
2
Y ~ x100000 P 40000
5
2
Z ~ x100000 P 40000
5