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Diagnostic Test: by Agus Rifa'I, S.PD, MM
Diagnostic Test: by Agus Rifa'I, S.PD, MM
By AGUS RIFA’I,S.Pd,MM
What is diagnostic test?
she had no illnesses during the preceding year and there is no family
history of breast cancer,
her physical exam is unremarkable, (nothing unusual is apparent),
her breast exam is normal (no signs of a palpable mass), and
her pelvic and rectal exams are unremarkable.
Based on the woman's age and medical history, the initial (prior)
probability estimate of breast cancer is 0.003. The physician
recommends that the woman have a mammogram, due to her age.
Unfortunately, the results of the mammogram are abnormal. This
yields a modification of the women's prior probability of breast
cancer from 0.003 to 0.13 (notice the Bayesian flavor of this
approach - prior probability modified via existing data).
Next, the woman is referred to a surgeon who agrees that the
physical breast exam is normal. The surgeon consults with a
radiologist and they decide that the woman should undergo fine
needle aspiration (FNA) of the abnormal breast detected by the
mammogram. (diagnostic test #2) The FNA specimen reveals
abnormal cells, which again revises the probability of breast cancer,
from 0.13 to 0.64. Finally, the woman is scheduled for a breast
biopsy the following week to get a definitive diagnosis.
Ideally, diagnostic tests always would be correct, non-invasive, and
inflict no side effects. If this were the case, a positive test result
would unequivocally indicate the presence of disease and a negative
result would indicate the absence of disease. Realistically, however,
every diagnostic test is fallible.
Kind of diagnostic test
Biopsy
Colonoscopy
CT scan
Electrocardiogram (ECG)
Electroencephalogram (EEG)
Gastroscopy
Eye tests
Hearing test
MRI scan
PET scan
X-rays
Ultrasound
Task
Collect information about some diagnostic tests below
Colonoscopy
CT scan
Electrocardiogram (ECG)
Electroencephalogram (EEG)
Gastroscopy
Eye tests
Hearing test
MRI scan
PET scan
X-rays
Ultrasound
Instruction of the task
Information contains:
The understanding of the test.
Why is the test done?
When is the test done?
Supported information such as, type, effect, etc.
The task must be submitted before Tuesday next week via google classroom.
Information