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9-21-2020 - I and V Introduction To Voice Leading
9-21-2020 - I and V Introduction To Voice Leading
Reminders:
D: I V
Notice the presence of the leading tone in the dominant triad—
it is a very important and special member of the chord.
Functional Harmony: the particular relationship between chords, and, most importantly, their relationship with tonic (the tonal
The Beginnings of Functional Harmony
Dominant to Tonic: the relationship between these two triads is
extremely strong; in fact, it’s the strongest relationship in tonal music
for two reasons:
Reason #1: the root motion by a Perfect Fifth is particularly
strong (think circle-of-fifths), and it dates back to the advent
of the tonal system and tonal hierarchy—that is, that some
chords are “more important” than others.
Tonic is most important; dominant is second.
2 3
Tonic to Dominant, in
four voices (SATB).
5 5
1
5
D: V I
“Leading Tone Drop”: 7 skips down by third to 5. This is fine in an inner voice, but not in the soprano!
5 5 3
3
7 7 1
5
1 1
5 5
D: V I D: V I
The Beginnings of Functional Harmony
D: V I D: V I
Cadences: Where Tonic and Dominant Join
Imperfect Authentic Cadence (IAC)
2 3
D: V I
Cadences: Where Tonic and Dominant Join
Category 2: Half Cadence (HC)
HC
Melody: 1–7 or 1–2 or 3–2 or 5–5
Harmony: I (or i)–V OR X–V
“Half” harmonic and melodic closure
Cadences: Where Tonic and Dominant Join
Half Cadence (HC)
1 7 3
2
D: I V D: I V
Cadences in Context
How many cadences do you hear in this excerpt? Where is it/are they? What chords are
involved, and what scale degrees are in the melody?
Please be extremely precise with your positioning of cadence
labels!
IAC PAC
Mozart, Piano Sonata No. 12 in F Major, K. 332
2 3 7 1
F: V I V I
Cadences in Context
How many cadences do you hear in this excerpt? Where is it/are they? What chords are
involved, and what scale degrees are in the melody?
C: I V V I
Cadences in Context
How many cadences do you hear in this excerpt? Where is it/are they? What chords are
involved, and what scale degrees are in the melody?
HC
“Clementine”
3 2
F: I V
PAC
2 1
V I
Introduction to Voice Leading
Voice Leading: literally, the way individual voices move.
◦ We can extend what we’ve learned in our study of species counterpoint to a four-
part texture.
V
Introduction to Voice Leading