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PPT
PPT
CONTENTS
2
electricity
atmosphere consists of
8% UV – <0.39 μm
46% IR - >0.78 μm
Sun–earth relationship.
5
Solar Engineering - Introduction
6
Time of day
Season
Local landscape
Local weather.
Solar radiation availability
9
density.
Actually, the solar flux density is reduced by about 30%
Research
of solar energy
applications.
Types of solar radiation measuring instruments:
13
Photovoltaic effects
Eppley Pyrheliometer
The Angstrom Compensation Pyrheliometer
19
Abbot Silver disc Pyrheliometer
20
Eppley Pyrheliometer
21
Pyranometer
22
Eppley Pyranometer
Yellot Solarimeter (pv solar cell)
Solar radiation on Tilted surfaces
26
Ratio of the radiation falling on the tilted surface to that falling on a horizontal surface is
called as tilt factor
Solar thermal collectors
28
Solar thermal collectors
29
CASING
ABSORBER PLATE
TUBES OR CHANNELS
INSULATIONS
TRANSPARENT COVER
OR GLAZING SHEET
Flat Plate Collectors
33
Ac[HR (𝜏.α)e ] = Qu + Ql + Qs
the fluids.
Absorber plate- types
42
BASIC ELEMENTS
FLAT PLATE COLLECTOR
STORAGE TANK
TYPES
NATURAL CIRCULATION SOLAR WATER HEATER (PRESSURISED)
PRESSURISED)
FORCED CIRCULATION SOLAR WATER HEATER
47
NATURAL CIRCULATION SOLAR WATER HEATER (NON-PRESSURISED)
48
FORCED CIRCULATION SOLAR WATER HEATER
49
SOLAR WATER HEATING SYSTEM WITH
ANTIFREEZE
50
Solar Dryers
51
Solar dryers
52
Solar dryers are devices that use solar energy to dry substances, especially
food.
There are two general types of solar dryers: Direct and indirect.
DIRECT
Direct solar dryers expose the substance to be dehydrated to direct sunlight.
They have a black absorbing surface which collects the light and converts it to
efficiency.
INDIRECT
In indirect solar dryers, the black surface heats incoming air, rather than directly
55
SOLAR CONCENTRATING COLLECTORS
56
Concentration ratio (C).
By physical meaning, the concentration
ratio is the factor by which the incident
energy flux (Io) is optically enhanced on
the receiving surface (Ir) –
So, by confining the available energy
coming through a chosen aperture to a
smaller area on the receiver to increase the
flux.
The ratio of area of the receiver to the area
of the aperture, Cgeo = Ar/Aa is called
the area concentration ratio
Collector efficiency: Ratio of the energy
actually absorbed and transferred to the
heat-transport fluid by the collector (useful
energy) to the energy incident on the
collector.
SOLAR CONCENTRATING COLLECTORS -
TYPES
58
Cylindrical Parabolic Concentrator
59
Mirror strip reflector
60
Fresnel lens collector
61
Fresnel lens collector
62
Solar thermal power plant
63
Solar thermal power plant
64
Solar Photo Voltaic Conversion
65