CHINESE

CIVILIZATION
 THE HISTORY OF CHINA
 China, a communist nation in East Asia, is the world’s most populous country.

- Its vast landscape encompasses grassland, desert, mountain ranges, lakes, rivers and 14,500km
of coastline.

 Beijing, the capital, mixes modern architecture with historic sites including sprawling
Tiananmen Square.

 Its largest city, Shanghai, is a skyscraper-studded global financial center. The iconic Great
Wall of China fortification runs east-west across the country's north.
Beijing china
Shang-hai, china
Language

-Mandarin Chinese
is the official national spoken language for
the mainland and serves as a lingua franca
within the Mandarin-speaking regions.
CONTRIBUTIONS
THE 4 GREAT INVENTIONS
1. Compass
 The earliest reference to a magnetic device used as a
"direction finder" is in a Song dynasty book dated to 1040-
1044.

 China were made it on lodestone, a naturally magnetized

ore of iron.

-device called a Si Nan.

 Later compasses were made of iron needles, magnetized

by striking them with a lodestone.
2. Gun powder
-It is a mixture of sulfur, charcoal, and potassium nitrate.

-In Chinese, gunpowder is called huo yao.

-Chinese formulas of gunpowder had a level of nitrate

capable of bursting through cast iron metal containers, in
the form of the earliest hollow, gunpowder-filled grenade
bombs.
3. Paper making

-Ideas of Cai Lun.

-Papermaking is known to have been traced back to China

about 105 CE.

-created a sheet of paper using mulberry and other bast

fibres along with fishnets, old rags, and hemp waste.
4. Printing
-Chinese invention of Woodblock printing.

-The world's first print culture.

-The wood block is carefully prepared as a relief pattern,

which means the areas to show 'white' are cut away with
a knife, chisel, or sandpaper leaving the characters or
image to show in 'black' at the original surface level.
Pharmacology
-branch of medicine and biology concerned with the
study of drug action.

-There were noted advances in traditional Chinese

medicine during the Middle Ages.

-Tang Dynasty (618–907) commissioned the scholarly

compilation of a materia medica in 657 that documented
833 medicinal substances taken from stones, minerals,
metals, plants, herbs, animals, vegetables, fruits, and
cereal crops
Mathematics

-Suanpan is typically 20 cm (8 in) tall and comes in

various widths depending on the operator.

-It usually has more than seven rods.

-can be used for functions other than counting. Unlike

the simple counting board used in elementary schools.

-very efficient suanpan techniques have been

developed to do multiplication, division, addition,
subtraction, square root and cube rootoperations at
high speed
Seismology

-is the scientific study of earthquakes and the propagation

of elastic waves through the Earth or through other planet-
like bodies.

-Zhang Heng
Royal astronomer who invented an instrument called
earthquake weathercock.

-which today called seismoscope.

Chinese Zodiac

-Is based on a twelve-year cycle, each year in that

cycle related to an animal sign.

-These signs are the rat, ox, tiger, rabbit, dragon,

snake, horse, sheep, monkey, rooster, dog and pig.
It is calculated according to Chinese lunar
calendar.
THANK YOU FOR
LISTENING 