TOPIC NAME: BASIC

TERMINOLOGY USED IN
EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING

PRESENTED BY: ER. SAHIL SHARMA

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

BASIC TERMINOLOGY USED IN
EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING
1. EARTHQUAKE
2. SEISMOLOGY
3. FOCUS
4. EPICENTER
5. FOCAL DEPTH
6. EPICENTRAL DISTANCE
7. ANTICENTER
8. ISOSEISMAL
9. SEISMIC ZONES
10. SEISMOGRAPH
1.EARTHQUAKE

It may be defined as violent shaking of

earth’s surface due to abrupt release of
large amount of energy that has
accumulated over a long time inside the
earth.
2.SEISMOLOGY

The branch of science that deals with the study of earthquake

and structure of earth is termed as earthquake engineering
and seismology.

Seismology includes study of generation , propagation and

recording of seismic waves that occur inside the earth along
with the sources that produce them.
3.FOCUS

The exact point or place inside the surface of the earth at which
an earthquake originates is termed as focus or seismic centre. It
is also termed as hypocentre.
4.EPICENTER

The point on the surface of the

earth lying vertically above the
focus is termed as epicentre.
5.FOCAL DEPTH

The depth of focus from epicentre is

termed as focal depth.

OR

Simply the vertical distance between epicentre

and hypocentre is termed as focal depth
 VIDEO LINK:-

https://
youtu.be/T0AEtX-uPL
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https://www.youtube.co
m/watch?v=yu2bQtIS6
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6.EPICENTRAL DISTANCE

 The horizontal distance from the epicentre to any

place of interest or discussion is termed as
epicentral distance.

 Intensity of vibrations are more intense near the

epicentre and as the epicentre distance
increases, these become feeble and weak and
ultimately die out.
7.ANTICENTER

The point of the surface of the earth diametrically

opposite to the epicentre is called anticenter.
In seismology anticenter is of little importance.
8.ISOSEISMAL

 An imaginary line on surface of the

earth along which the intensity of
measured seismic shock is equal
at every point is termed as
isoseismal .

 It is just like a contour line which

joins points of same elevation.

 In an earthquake hit area, places of

similar intensity can be easily
marked and line joining these
points is an isoseismal line.
9.SEISMIC ZONES

 The regions of the earth’s crust where earthquakes occur

frequently and repeatedly are termed as seismic zones or
seismic belt.

 Depending upon the intensity of the seismic activity,

these zones are further divided into highly seismic,
moderately seismic and poorly seismic zones.

 The Himalayan ranges and indo-gangetic planes are the

areas which are considered as highly seismic zones.
 PH
RA An instrument which is used to record the
OG ground vibrations or surface displacements
SM is termed as seismograph.
EI
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VIDEO LINK

https://youtu.be/pm
f4TXroRJM
VIDEO LINKS

https://youtu.be/rXddtSpOo8E