NUMERICAL METHOD

GREGORY-NEWTON
FORWARD AND BACKWARD
INTERPOLATION FORMULA

ENG'R BENITO R. RONDILLA JR.

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The Function of x

f(x) = x - 4x - 3 3 2

f(0) = (0)3 - 4(0)2 - 3 = -3

f(1) = (1)3 - 4(1)2 - 3 = -6
f(2) = (2)3 - 4(2)2 - 3 = -11
f(3) = (3)3 - 4(3)2 - 3 = -12
f(4) = (4)3 - 4(4)2 - 3 = -3
f(5) = (5)3 - 4(5)2 - 3 = 22
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Without the expression of the function

f(x) = x - 4x - 3 3 2
Can you
f(0) = (0)3 - 4(0)2 - 3 = -3
f(1) = (1)3 - 4(1)2 - 3 = -6 guess!!!
f(2) = (2)3 - 4(2)2 - 3 = -11
f(3) = (3)3 - 4(3)2 - 3 = -12 What is
f(4) = (4)3 - 4(4)2 - 3 = -3
f(5) = (5)3 - 4(5)2 - 3 = 22
f(10)?
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The Gregory-Newton Interpolation
Formula
fourth forward or
Advancing difference

first forward or
Advancing difference

FOR THE FOLLOWING VALUES OF f(X) FROM X = 0

TO X = 5, TABULATE THE FINITE DIFFERENCE OF f(X)
TO THE FOURTH ORDER.
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The Gregory-Newton Interpolation
Formula
-6 - (-3) = -3
4 - (-2) = 6
6 - (6) = 0

9 - (-1) = 10
COMPLETING THE TABLE
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 The Gregory-Newton Forward
Interpolation Formula
x0 = 0
forward or Advancing
x1 = 1 difference
x2 = 2
x3 = 3
h=1
interval

x x ( x  x0)( x  x1) ( x  x0)( x  x1)( x  x2) ( x  x0)( x  x1)( x  x2)( x  x3)

f f f  f  f  f
0 2 3 4
    2
 3
 4
 ...
x o 1!h o
2!h o
3!h o
4!h o

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methods, without the prior written permission of the owner, except for personal academic use and certain other noncommercial uses permitted by copyright law.
 NEWTON FORWARD
INTERPOLATION
FORMULA

f10 = 597
f f x x f
( x  x0)( x  x1) ( x  x0)( x  x1)( x  x2) ( x  x0)( x  x1)( x  x2)( x  x3)
 f  f  f
0 2 3 4
    2
 3
 4
 ...
x o 1!h o
2!h o
3!h o
4!h o

(10  0) 10(10  1) 10(10  1)(10  2)

f 10
 (3) 
1!
(3) 
2!
(2) 
3!
( 6)

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methods, without the prior written permission of the owner, except for personal academic use and certain other noncommercial uses permitted by copyright law.
 The Gregory-Newton Interpolation
Formula
forward or Advancing
x0 = 1 difference
x1 = 2
x2 = 3
x3 = 4
h=1
interval
x x ( x  x0)( x  x1) ( x  x0)( x  x1)( x  x2) ( x  x0)( x  x1)( x  x2)( x  x3)
f f f  f  f  f
0 2 3 4
    2
 3
 4
 ...
x o 1!h o
2!h o
3!h o
4!h o

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methods, without the prior written permission of the owner, except for personal academic use and certain other noncommercial uses permitted by copyright law.
 NEWTON FORWARD
INTERPOLATION
FORMULA

f10 = 597
f f x x f
( x  x0)( x  x1) ( x  x0)( x  x1)( x  x2) ( x  x0)( x  x1)( x  x2)( x  x3)
 f  f  f
0 2 3 4
    2
 3
 4
 ...
x o 1!h o
2!h o
3!h o
4!h o

(10  1) (10  1)(10  2) (10  1)(10  2)(10  3)

f 10
 (  6) 
1!
(5) 
2!
(4) 
3!
(6)

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methods, without the prior written permission of the owner, except for personal academic use and certain other noncommercial uses permitted by copyright law.
The Gregory-Newton Backward
Interpolation Formula

Can you
guess!!!
What is
f(12)?
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methods, without the prior written permission of the owner, except for personal academic use and certain other noncommercial uses permitted by copyright law.
 The Gregory-Newton Backward
Interpolation Formula
h=5
forward or Advancing
interval
difference
x3 = 15
x2 = 20
x1 = 25
x0 = 30
x x ( x  x0)( x  x1) ( x  x0)( x  x1)( x  x2) ( x  x0)( x  x1)( x  x 2)( x  x3)
f f f  f  f  f
0 2 3 4
    2
 3
 4
 ...
x o 1!h o
2!h o
3!h o
4!h o

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methods, without the prior written permission of the owner, except for personal academic use and certain other noncommercial uses permitted by copyright law.
 NEWTON BACKWARD
INTERPOLATION
FORMULA

f12 = 1,682
x x ( x  x0)( x  x1) ( x  x0)( x  x1)( x  x2) ( x  x0)( x  x1)( x  x2)( x  x3)
f f  1!h f  f  f  f
0 2 3 4
   2
 3
 4
 ...
x o o
2!h o
3!h o
4!h o

(12  30) (12  30)(12  25) (12  30)(12  25)(12  20)

f 12
 26,882 
1!5
(11,355) 
2!5
2
(3,750) 
3!5
3
(750)

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methods, without the prior written permission of the owner, except for personal academic use and certain other noncommercial uses permitted by copyright law.
The Gregory-Newton Backward
Interpolation Formula
Can you
guess!!! What
is the
expression of
f(x)?
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methods, without the prior written permission of the owner, except for personal academic use and certain other noncommercial uses permitted by copyright law.
 NEWTON BACKWARD
INTERPOLATION
FORMULA

x x ( x  x0)( x  x1) ( x  x0)( x  x1)( x  x2) ( x  x0)( x  x1)( x  x2)( x  x3)

f f f  f  f  f
0 2 3 4
    2
 3
 4
 ...
x o 1!h o
2!h o
3!h o
4!h o

( x  30) ( x  30)( x  25) ( x  30)( x  25)( x  20)

f  26,882  (11,355)  2
(3,750)  3
(750)
x
1!5 2!5 3!5
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methods, without the prior written permission of the owner, except for personal academic use and certain other noncommercial uses permitted by copyright law.
 The Gregory-Newton Interpolation
Formula
( x  30) ( x  30)( x  25) ( x  30)( x  25)( x  20)
f  26,882  (11,355)  2
(3,750)  3
(750)
x
1!5 2!5 3!5

fx = 26882 + (2271x - 68130) + (75x2 - 4125x +56250) +(x3 -75x2 + 1850x - 15000)
fx = x3 + (75 - 75)x2 + (2271 - 4125 + 1850)x + (26882 - 68130 + 56250 - 15000)
fx = x3 - 4x + 2

fx = x - 4x + 2 3
f(12) = (12)3 - 4(12) + 2 = 1,682
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