ENE-323 SOLID

WASTE
MANAGEMENT
Dr. Mehwish Anis
Assistant Professor
 Course Contents
■ Sources, Classification, Characteristics
■ Generation, Onsite handling and Storage
■ Collection, Transfer, Recycling and disposal techniques of
municipal solid waste
■ Landfilling, site selection, investigations and design
■ Thermal conversions
■ Composting
■ Concepts of Integrated solid waste management
■ Existing practices and their hazards
■ Economic evaluation of the systems
■ Hospital waste management
 Course Learning Outcomes (CLOs)

CLOs Description PLOs Domain Domain

Level

CLO1 Design a proper solid waste 5

management system (Evaluate)
(collection, transfer and PLO 3 Cognitive
transport, disposal and
treatment system
CLO2 5
Propose sustainable (Evaluate)
solutions to manage solid PLO 7 Cognitive
waste
 BOOKS
■ Municipal Solid Waste, Engineering Principles and
Management, By Prof. Shaukat Hayat and Prof. Dr.
Sajjad H. Sheikh, 2nd Edition, Published by The
Urban Unit, Lahore.

■ Integrated Solid Waste Management, Engineering

Principles and Management Issues, McGraw Hill
International Editions By George Tchobanoglous,
Hilary Theisen, and Samuel A. Vigill.
LECTURE PLAN

Course Catalogue will be shared on MS

Team/Email Group
INTRODUCTION
TO SOLID
WASTE
MANAGEMENT
LECTURE # 1
DEFINING WASTE

■ What is waste???
■ Being waste is not an intrinsic property.
■ Factors which made any item a “waste”
– Time
– Location
– State
– Income Level
– Personal Preferences
Waste is not always a waste
SOLID WASTE (SW)
■ Anything non liquid and non gaseous in terms of by product that is
produced because of human activity and can produce any detrimental
impact on environment.
■ It includes heterogeneous mass discarded by the urban community as
well as more homogeneous accumulations of agricultural, industrial and
mineral waste.
■ Any discarded, rejected, abandoned , unwanted or surplus matter,
whether or not intended for sale or for recycling, reprocessing, recovery
or purification by a separate operation from that which produced the
matter; or anything declared by regulation or by an environment
protection policy to be waste. (US EPA)
Impacts of SW
Mismanagement
Effects of solid waste
mismanagement

Breeding ground
for insects and Fire Odor
rats

Atmospheric
Water pollution
pollution
Solid waste management system

■ Associated with control of

– Waste generation
– Storage
– Collection
– Transfer & transport
– Processing & recovery
– Final disposal
■ In accordance with best principles of
– public health,
– economics,
– engineering,
– conservation,
– aesthetics,
– public attitude &
– other environmental considerations.
 • Economically
Management viable
technologies to • Technically
be proposed feasible
should be • Socially
acceptable
Purpose of SWM System

Protection of Promotion of
environmental environmental
health quality

Supporting
the efficiency
Generation of
and
employment
productivity
and income
of the
economy
Typical SWM System

Figure: Typical Functional Elements of SWM system

Integrated solid waste
management system (ISWMs)
■ ISWM uses a comprehensive waste prevention, recycling,
composting and disposal program.

■ Integrated approach to conserve the resources both in quality

and quantity.

■ Waste management in an environmentally and economically

sustainable way.
TWIN GOALS
OF ISWM &
Hierarchy
■ To recover
maximum possible
amount of reusable
materials and energy
from the municipal
solid waste stream
through best
available practices,
and
■ To avoid releasing
the energy or matter
into the environment
as a pollutant.
GENERATION OF SOLID WASTE
1st Functional Element of SWM System
 SOURCES AND OTHER TYPES OF WASTE

Source Typical Waste Generators Types of solid wastes

 Food wastes
1:Residential Single and multifamily  Paper
dwellings  Cardboard
 Plastics
 Textiles
 Leather
 Yard wastes
 Wood
 Glass
 Metals
 Ashes
 Special wastes
(e.g bulky items, consumer
electronics, white goods,
batteries, oil, tires), and
household hazardous wastes.)

2: Industrial Light and heavy
manufacturing, fabrication,
construction sites, power and
chemical plants.
 Housekeeping wastes
 Packaging
 Food wastes
 Construction and
demolition materials
 Hazardous wastes
 Ashes
 Special wastes.

 Paper
3:Commercial Stores, hotels, restaurants,  cardboard
markets, office buildings, etc.  plastics
 wood
 food wastes
 glass
 metals
 special wastes
 hazardous wastes

4: Institutional Schools, hospitals, prisons, Same as commercial.

government centers.
  Wood
5:Construction and demolition New construction sites, road
 steel
repair, renovation sites,
 concrete
demolition of buildings
 dirt etc.

 Street sweepings
6:Municipal services Street cleaning, landscaping,
 landscape and tree
parks, beaches, other
trimmings
recreational areas, water and
 General wastes from parks
wastewater treatment plants.
 Beaches
 Recreational areas; sludge.

 Industrial process wastes

7:Process (manufacturing etc.) Heavy and light
 Scrap materials
manufacturing, refineries,
 Off-specification products.
chemical plants, power plants,
mineral extraction and
processing.
 Spoiled food wastes
8:Agriculture Crops, orchards, vineyards,  Agricultural wastes
 Hazardous wastes (e.g.,
ORGANIC PAPER WASTE COTTON Woolen Material 1
WASTE 1-2 10-30 DAYS CLOTHS 2-5 Year
WEEKS Months
GUESS HOW MUCH TIME THEY TAKE
TO DEGRADE??
WOOD WASTE Al Tin Cans Plastic Bags 1 Glass Bottles
10-15 YEASRS WASTE 100-500 Million Years -Undetermined
YEARS
GUESS HOW MUCH TIME THEY TAKE TO
DEGRADE??
Characterization of Solid
Waste

Chemical
Physical Energy
Composition
Composition Content

Moisture
Density
content
Physical Composition

Sources
Characteristics
Individual Components
WASTE CHARACTERIZATION OF MSW OF LAHORE
(SUMMER 2012)
Categories of Separation
Seasonal Variations in Lahore
MSW
Density

■ It varies with geographic location, season of the year, and length of

time in storage
Moisture Content
THANKYOU