LECTURE-10 INPUT DEVICES

SUPERVISED BY
FARHAD AHMED
LECTURER OF ICT
 CONTENTS
• Input Devices:

Keyboards, Pointing Devices, Scanner ( Including OCR and OMR), Barcode

Scanner, Webcam, Microphone, Touch Screen, Biometric Scanner, Card Readers,

Sensors

• Output Devices:

• Monitor, Printer, Plotter, Data Projector, Speaker, Control Device

• Usage, Advantages and Disadvantages of each Input and Output

Devices.
Keyboard
Pointing Devices
• Mouse:
A mouse uses an optical sensor to recognize the movement of the devices. Its sensitivity
can be affected be the surface upon which it is placed. Some mice use roller balls to
control the movement of the pointer.

• Tracker ball:
• A tracker ball is rolled to move the pointer. It does not have button to press

• Track pad:
• The track pad surface senses finger movements, touches and presses.

• Joystick:
• Joysticks are commonly used on games controllers to move sprites around the game.

• Graphics tablet:
• A graphics tablet is a flat pad that is used with a stylus. Users use the stylus to draw or
write on the graphics tablet. These devices are often used by digital artists and
designers.
Scanner
• Scanner use light sensors to record physical documents as images, which

are then saved as files to the computer.

• Software allows scanners to read characters on the document and store the

result in a text file. This is known as Optical Character Recognition (OCR)

• Optical Mark Recognition (OMR) software can also be used with scanners

to detect simple marks on a document. A common use for OMR is for

recognizing and recording responses to multiple choice tests

Barcode Scanner
• A barcode is simply a numeric code represented as a series
of lines. These lines can be read by a barcode reader/scanner.

• The most common use of barcode readers is at Point-of-Sale

 (POS) in a shop. The code for each item to be purchased needs to
be entered into the computer. Reading the barcode is
far quicker and more accurate than typing in each code using a
keypad.

• Barcode can be found on many other items that have numeric codes
which have to be read quickly and accurately - for example ID cards.

• There are two types of barcode:

• Linear Barcode

• Matrix Barcode
Webcam
Webcams are specialized cameras. They are generally lower
quality than camcorders, and may have built-in microphones to
capture sound. They can be used as security cameras and can

stream images or video to the internet.

Microphone
• An input device that converts sound into a signal that can be fed

into a computer.

• The signal from a microphone is usually analogue so, before it

can be processed by a computer, it must be converted into

digital data. An Analogue-to-Digital Convertor (ADC) is used for

this (usually built into the computer’s sound card)

• Many headphones now come with microphones to allow them to

be used with chat and phone applications

Touchscreen
• Touch screen are used in many devices, including smartphones, tablet devices,

laptops and desktop computers. There are two types of touch screen:

• Resistive

• Capacitive
Touchscreen
• Resistive:
• Resistive touchscreens operate by sensing direct pressure applied by the user. It can
be activated by pressing it not only with a finger but also with a stylus (unlike the
competing capacitive technology).

• A resistive touch screen consists of a touch layer placed on top of a standard display.
The touch layer normally includes two transparent electrical layers separated by a
small gap.

• Pressing the display's surface causes the two separate layers to come into contact,
which creates an electrical connection that can be sensed and located.

• Capacitive:
• Capacitive touch sensors are used either as buttons or on touchscreens. They work by
sensing the electrical properties of the human body instead of pressure and generally they
don't work with a stylus so they don't allow handwriting recognition. However, capacitive
touchscreens feel more sensitive than their resistive counterparts.

• Capacitive touch screens are also considered more durable than resistive touch screens.
Biometric Scanner
•A biometric scanner is a pattern recognition which makes a personal identification based
on a person’s unique physical characteristics. Biometric scanners can use face
recognition, fingerprint matching, iris and retinal scans, voice recognition and hand
geometry. Biometric scanners can be built into mobile phones, desktop and laptop
computers, and smart cards. They can be used to control entry to buildings and can even
replace keys in cars.
•Advantages:
•There is no need to remember to carry personal identification.
•The person has to be present. This makes identification theft and fraud much less likely.
•Disadvantages:
•Identification using biometric scanners is not yet sufficiently accurate. Permitted users
will not be recognized at times, and blocked users will sometimes be permitted.
Biometric Scanner
• There are four examples of biometric scanners are as follows:

• Fingerprint Recognition: These scanners read the patterns of arches, loops and whorls in

a human fingerprint. Fingerprint are unique o each individual person, which makes them a

useful method of identification, but fingerprints can be obscured, damaged or changed, such

as by injury or disease.

• Facial Recognition: These scanners identify the structure of a human face in order to

identify an individual.

• Voice Recognition: These scanners require a microphone to capture the voice. They then

the voice print against a saved original and check to see whether the two print match.

• Iris Recognition: Like fingerprints, the human iris has a unique pattern, though an iris scan

is approximately 120 times more detailed than a fingerprint. This means that iris recognition

is 120 times more reliable when identifying people.

Sensors
• Sensors are used to input data about the environment into a computer. There are many types of
sensors. They are available in many different shapes and sizes and they have a wide variety of
uses. For example, sensors can be used to record light intensity, temperature and pressure.
Sensors usually produce a low-voltage which must be converted to a digital signal for the
computer using an analogue-to-digital converter (ADC).

• Advantages:
• Sensors can be placed in dangerous locations where people would be hurt.

• Sensors can continuously and reliably record data whereas to organize this using people could be much more
unreliable and expensive.

• Sensors can record data that people do not sense or do not sense accurately, such as humidity.

• The data recorded by sensors can automatically record in a form that can be processed by a computer.

• Data can be collected by a central computer from sensors in remote locations. People do not need to travel and this
saves time and allows data to be collected more frequently.

• Disadvantages:
• Sensors cannot interpret the data.

• Sensors detect a very restricted range of the different types of data.

 THANK YOU
&
Any Questions?