METROLOGY AND Rodríguez, Fernando 8-907-623

DIVISION OF THE INCH III Engine Bravo

METROLOGY
Metrology is the science of measurement It establishes a common understanding of
units, crucial in linking human activities. Modern metrology has its roots in
the French Revolution's political motivation to standardise units in France, when a
length standard taken from a natural source was proposed. This led to the creation of
the decimal-based metric system in 1795, establishing a set of standards for other
types of measurements
countries adopted the metric system between 1795 and 1875; to ensure conformity
between the countries, the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM) was
established by the Metre Convention
INTERNATIONAL BUREAU OF
WEIGHTS AND MEASURES
Measures is an intergovernmental organization that was established by the Metre
Convention, through which member states act together on matters related to
measurement science and measurement standards. The organisation is usually
referred to by its French initialism, BIPM. The BIPM's headquarters is based
at Sèvres, France. It has custody of the International Prototype of the Kilogram and
houses the secretariat for this organization as well as hosting its formal meetings.
ORGANS OF BIPM
The General Conference on Weights and Measures (Conférence générale des poids
et mesures or CGPM) – the plenary organ of the BIPM which consists of the
delegates of all the contracting Governments;
The International Committee for Weights and Measures (Comité international des
poids et mesures or CIPM) – the direction and supervision body of the BIPM that is
made of 18 prominent metrologists from 18 different Member States;
The International Bureau of Weights and Measures (Bureau international des poids
et mesures or BIPM) – the headquarters of the BIPM located at Sèvres, France that
has custody of the International Prototype Kilogram and houses the secretariat for
this organization and hosts its formal meetings
METRE CONVENTION
also known as the Treaty of the Metre is an international treaty that was signed in
Paris on 20 May 1875 by representatives of 17 nations (Argentina, Austria-Hungary,
Belgium, Brazil, Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, Peru, Portugal, Russia, Spain,
Sweden and Norway, Switzerland, Ottoman Empire, United States of America, and
Venezuela)
DIVISION OF THE INCH
INTERNATIONAL PROTOTYPE
OF KILOGRAM
The IPK has been conserved at the BIPM since 1889, when
it was sanctioned by the 1st General Conference on
Weights and Measures (CGPM) It is of cylindrical form, with
diameter and height of about 39 mm, and is made of an
alloy of 90 % platinum and 10 % iridium. Initially the IPK
had two official copies; over the years, one official copy has
been replaced and four others have been added, so that
there are now six official copies.
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