MATERIAL

MANAGEMENT
PRESENTER:

P.MANOJKUMAR,

MSC NURSING 2ND YEAR,

DEPT OF PSYCHIATRY NURSING,

VMCON
INTRODUCTION

• Material management is concerned with providing the drugs, supplies and equipment
needed by health personnel to deliver health services.
• Without proper material, health personnel cannot work effectively, they feel frustrated
and the community lacks confidence in the health services and unless appropriate
materials are provided in proper time and is required quantity, productivity of personnel
will not be upto expectation.
 DEFINITION

• Materials management can be defined as “an integrated management approach to planning,

acquiring, processing an distributing production materials from the raw material state to the
finished product state”.
• Materials managementis a key business function that is responsible for the coordination of
planning, sourcing, purchasing, moving, storing and controlling materials in an optimum manner,
so as to provide pre-determined service to the customer at a minimum cost.
FUNDAMENTAL OBJECTIVE:

The fundamental objectives of the materials management function are acquisition of

materials and services:
• of the right quality
• in the right quantity
• at the right time
• from the right source
• For the right cost.
KEY OBJECTIVES

• Low purchase price

• Maintaining continuous supply
• Maintaining quality
• Cordial relationship with supplier
• Low pay roll cost
• Development of vendose
• Good record
PURPOSE OF MATERIAL MANAGEMENT

• To gain economy in purchasing

• To satisfy the demand during period of replenishment
• To carry reserve stock to avoid stock out.
• To stabilize fluctuations in consumption
• To provide reasonable level of client services
• Increase efficiency of health care systems.
• Develop knowledge and skills of health care
• Provide materials in required quantity and quality as when required.
MOTIVES OF MATERIAL MANAGEMENT

A company may hold the inventory with the various motives as stated below:
• Transaction motive.
• Precautionary motive.
• Speculative motive.
TRANSACTION MOTIVE:

• The company may be required to hold the inventories in order to facilitate the smooth and
uninterrupted production and sales operations.
• It may not be possible for the company to procure raw material whenever necessary.
• There may be a time lag between the demand for the material and its supply. Hence, it is needed to
hold the raw material inventory.
• Similarly, it may not be possible to produce the goods immediately after they are demanded by the
customers.
• Hence, it is needed to hold the finished goods inventory. The need to hold work in progress may arise
due to production cycle.
PRECAUTIONARY MOTIVE

• In addition to the requirement to hold the inventories for routine transactions, the
company may like to hold them to guard against the risk of unpredictable changes in
demand and supply forces.
• For example, the supply of raw material may get delayed due to the factors like strike,
transport, disruption, short supply, lengthy processes involved in import of the raw
materials, etc.
SPECULATIVE MOTIVE

• The company may like to purchase and stock the inventory in the quantity which is more
than needed for production and sales purpose.
• This may be with the intention to get the advantages in terms of quantity discounts
connected with bulk purchasing or anticipated price rise.
PROCUREMENT
INTRODUCTION

• Most organizations have a detailed set of rules and regulations regarding the procedure
for ordering for materials.
• In the Government systems DGHS play a crucial role in purchasing materials of heavy
cost.
PROCUREMENT VS PURCHASING

• Procurement concentrates on the strategic process of product or

service sourcing.For example researching, negotiation and planningt.
• Purchasing process focuses on how products and services are acquired and
ordered, such as raising purchase orders and arranging payment.
OBJECTIVES OF PROCUREMENT

• Acquire needed supplies as inexpensively as possible

• Obtain high quality supplies
• Assure prompt and dependable delivery
• Distribute the procurement workload to avoid period of idleness and overwork
• Optimize inventory management through scientific procurement procedures
PROCUREMENT CYCLE
METHODS OF PROCUREMENT

• Open tender.
• Limited or Restricted tender.
• Negotiated procurement.
• Direct procurement.
OPEN TENDER

• Public bidding, resulting in low price.

• Publishedd in newspapers.
• Quotations must be sent in the specific forms that are sold, before the time and date
mentioned in the tender form.
• Technical bid.
• Financiall bid.
RESTRICTED OR LIMITED TENDER

• From limited suppliers (about 10)

• Lead-time is reduced
• Better quality
NEGOTIATED PROCUREMENT

• Buyer approaches selected potential Suppliers and bargain directly

• Fix at a rate acceptable to both parties
• Used in long time supply contracts
DIRECT PROCUREMENT

• Purchased from single supplier, at his quoted price.

• Prices may be high
• Reserved for proprietary materials, or low priced, small quantity and emergency
purchases
KEY POINTS WHILE PROCURING:

• Points to remember while purchasing

• Proper specification; Seek order acknowledgement
• Invite quotations from reputed firms
• Comparison of offers based on basic price, freight and insurance, taxes and levies
• Quantity & payment discounts and Payment terms
• Delivery period, guarantee
• Vendor reputation (reliability, technical capabilities, Convenience, Availability, after-sales service, sales
assistance)
• Short listing for better negotiation terms
PROCUREMENT OF EQUIPMENTS-

Points to be noted before purchase of equipment:

• Latest technology
• Availability of maintenance and repair facility, with minimum down time
• Post warranty repair at reasonable cost
• Upgradeability
• Reputed manufacturer
• Availability of consumables
• Low operating costs
• Installation
• Proper installation as per guidelines
INVENTORY CONTROL
INVENTORY:

• inventory is the list of moveable items which are required to manufacture a product or to maintain
equipment.
• Inventory is a unique item having identification number,nomenclature and specification.
Following are the types of inventory:
• Raw materials
• Components
• Work in progress
• Finished goods
TYPES OF INVENTORY

The inventory is basically of two types:

• Official inventory: the materials lying in the main store s and being accounted for but
have not been issued to the user units.
• Unofficiall inventory: the materials have been issued to the user units like the
dispensary, CSSD, laundry, wards, OPD, cast rooms etc. In case of forecasting or demand
estimation, these items are not taken into consideration by the hospital administration, so
it is called as un-official inventory for hospitals.
INVENTORY CONTROL

• It means stocking adequate number and kind of stores, so that the materials are available
whenever required and wherever required.
• Scientific inventory control results in optimal balance
FUNCTIONS OF INVENTORY CONTROL

• To carry adequate stock to avoid stock-outs

• To order sufficient quantity per order to reduce order cost
• To stock just sufficient quantity to minimize inventory carrying cost
• To make judicial selection of limiting the quantity of perishable items and costly materials
• To take advantage of seasonal cyclic variation on availability of materials to order the right quantity
at the right time.
• To provide safety stock to take care of fluctuation in demand/ consumption during lead time.
• To ensure optimum level of inventory holding to minimize the total inventory cost.
NURSING AUDIT
INTRODUCTION

Audit in nursing management is the professional evaluation of the quality of the patient
care, by analysing through all the facilities , services rendered, measures involved in
diagnosis, treatment and other conditions and activities that affect the patients.
DEFINITION

• ―Nursing audit refers to the assessment of the quality of clinical nursing. - Elison
• ―Nursing audit is the means by which nurses themselves can define standards from their
point of view and describe the actual practice of nursing.-Goster walfer.
CHARACTERISTICS

• It improve the quality of nursing care

• It compares actual practice with agreed standards of practice.
• It is formal and systemic.
• It involves peer review.
• It requires the identification of variations between practice and standards followed by the
analysis of causes of such variations.
METHODS OF AUDIT

There are mainly two methods;

Retrospective view-
• It refers to the detail quality care assessment after the patient has been discharged. The records can be
reviewed for completeness of records, diagnosis, treatment, lab investigations, consultations, nursing care
plan, complications, and end results.
Concurrent view-
• It is achieved by reviewing patient care during the time of hospital stay by the patient.
• It can be also done to identify the job satisfaction of staff nurses in accordance with their work
performance.
AUDIT CYCLE
STAGES OF AUDIT CYCLE

In general, the stages of audit cycle are;

• Identify the need for change
• Setting criteria and standards
• Collecting data on performance
• Assess criteria against criteria and standards
• Identify need for change (re- evaluation)
PLANNING EQUIPMENTS AND SUPPLIES FOR
NURSING CARE: UNIT AND HOSPITAL
HOSPITAL SUPPLIES AND EQUIPMENTS

• Hospital supplies and equipments are dealt with under material management.
• Supplies are those items that are used up or consumed ; hence the term consumable is
used for supplies.
• The supplies in hospital include drugs, surgical goods (disposables, glass wares),
chemicals, antiseptics, food materials, stationeries, the linen supply etc.
PURCHASE OF SUPPLIES AND EQUIPMENT

• The purchase of equipments and supplies in a hospital is carried out through:

1. General store
2. Dietary department and
3. Pharmacy department
• Essential equipments for a 50 bedded district hospital(WHO)
1) Scope of services
2) Essential medical equipment
3) Electrical medical equipment
4) Other equipments
5) Small, inexpensive equipment and instruments.
PLANNING SUPPLIES AND EQUIPMENTS DURING
EMERGENCIES AND DISASTER
INTRODUCTION

Emergency preparedness planning requires a wide variety of supplies, equipment and

resources, including personal protective equipment (PPE), decontamination equipment, and
training.
Planning should include collaborating with local emergency planning committees,
local/state public health departments, and area hospitals to determine the supplies,
equipment, and resources each healthcare facility needs to handle a disaster.
PRODUCTS AND EQUIPMENT FOR EMERGENCY
PREPAREDNESS
• Healthcare facilities purchase many of the supplies and materials needed for safety and
emergency preparedness on a regular basis from a variety of companies.
• Some of these routinesupplies may also be designated for a disaster supply inventory.
• In addition, emergency preparedness requires specialized equipment and supplies.
• Many companies with comprehensive emergency-preparedness, safety-related equipment
offers catalogs, some of which are available online.
THANK YOU