WHY TEST ENGINES?

• To ensure they meet minimum levels of performance

WHAT TYPES OF TEST ARE THERE?
• Conditional tests
• Special tests
• Performance tests
WHERE ARE THEY TESTED?
• On wing
• Outdoor test cell
• Indoor test cell
WHAT ARE THE ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA?
• Engine thrust
• Specific fuel consumption
• Engine temperature
ENGINE THRUST
Thrust (Fn) is a force that results from the acceleration (a) imparted to a
mass (m) of air
Fn (N) =mxa
m = mass flow rate of air (kg/s)
a = the change in velocity of the air = v2 – v1 (m/s)

Where v2 is the velocity of the air leaving the engine &

v1 is the velocity of the air entering the engine
QUESTIONS
What happens to engine thrust as aircraft forward speed increases?
What happens to engine thrust with changes in wind speed and
direction?
What can we use to measure thrust while avoiding these effects?
ENGINE THRUST MEASURED ON AN INDOOR TEST CELL
Fn = Load cell reading + momentum correction
The MOMENTUM CORRECTION (FMOM) is determined by a back-to-
back outdoor-indoor-outdoor correlation test
The magnitude of FMOM is unique to a test cell.
FMOM is applied to the raw test cell results by the Test Bed Analysis
(TBA) program.

QUESTIONS
Why do we have a MOMENTUM CORRECTION?
What alternatives are there to an outdoor-indoor-outdoor correlation
exercise?
If we can’t measure thrust on wing, how do we tell the pilot how much
power is being developed?
ENGINE PRESSURE RATIO
EPR is a parameter that can be measured on wing or in a test cell.
EPR is proportional to thrust.
One of the tasks of the performance test is to establish the relationship
between EPR and Thrust.
QUESTIONS
Why does the relationship between Thrust EPR vary between engines?
What can we do to account for the Thrust EPR variation?
ENGINE TEST
SECTION 5: TEST PROCEDURES.

• Preliminary EEC TBAS Checks

• Initiated Tests of Igniters, VSV and Probe Heat
• Low & High Idle and establish Oil Datum
• RUNNING IN HANDLING
• Strict observation of stabilisation times.
• Also used to declare accel, decel times
• Performance Curve
• Used to determine engine performance
• Vibration survey also carried out at this point of test
• Diagnostic Engine Vibration Signature (DEVS) run
• 2 minute accel/decel to provide engine vibration signature
• Post shut down checks
• re-datum oil and calculate consumption
• Internal leak check
• Generate pass-off results
• Start and inhibit fuel system
• Shutdown
• Drain oil system
• Derig engine and send to shop