Duration: 20 min AVM Grade: 10 ICSE

NERVOUS SYSTEM
PART 1
THOUGHT OF THE DAY

KNOWLEDGE POWER IS SUPERIOR

THAN MUSCLE POWER
WHAT WE WILL STUDY TODAY
• What is Nervous system
• Types of Nervous system
• Neurons and its types
• Transmission of nerve impulse
• Synapse
• Quiz
• Diagrams
• Recap Mind map
 INTRODUCTION
• The nervous system controls everything you do,
including breathing, walking, thinking, and feeling.
• This system is made up of your brain, spinal cord,
and all the nerves of your body.
• The brain is the control center and the spinal cord is
the major highway to and from the brain.
• The nervous system is a complex collection of the
nerves and specialized cells known as neurons that
transmit signals between different parts of the body
• It is essentially the body's electrical wiring.
BRAIN
TYPES OF NERVOUS SYSTEM
 TYPES OF NEURONS
• Sensory neurons carry information from tissues and
organs into the central nervous system.
• Motor neurons transport signals from the central
nervous system to the effector cells.
• Interneurons found only in CNS, connects one
neuron to another
HOW OUR SENSES A SIGNAL
 SYNAPSE
• Synapse, is the site of transmission
of electric nerve impulses between two
nerve cells. One neuron sends a
message to a target neuron -
another cell.
• Most synapses are chemical; these
synapses communicate using chemical
messengers.
• Other synapses are electrical; in these
synapses, ions flow directly between
cells.
 MCQ
1) Nerve cells conduct information through ---------
a) sound waves
b) electrical impulse
c) magnetic impulse
d) mechanical impulse
2) The cranial nerves and spinal nerves form the part of _________
a) central nervous system
b) peripheral nervous system
c) autonomic nervous system
d) sympathetic nervous system
3) How many pairs of spinal nerves are found in humans ?
a) 10
b) 31
c)12
d)40
RECAP :
MIND MAP
HOME WORK

• Name the cell body of the nerve cell.

• Name the neurotransmitter stored at the terminal end of axon.
• What is the fundamental unit of nervous system ?
DIAGRAMATIC QUESTION
CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
HEAD - LAYERS
 PARTS OF FOREBRAIN
Cerebrum – largest part which is divided into 2 parts called cerebral hemispheres, outer portion is
cortex or grey matter and inner portion is white matter or medulla
TRANSMISSION OF NERVE IMPULSE AND
SYNAPSE
Transmission of nerve impulse in happens 3
stages :

1. Resting stage or polarized state sodium ions

are outside of neuron membrane and negative
ions will be inside
2. Receives stimulus, depolarized sodium ions will
move inside and negative ions outside .
3. Again Repolarized and depolarized
neighbouring nerve fibre

Sodium pump is the transmission of impulse due

to Na ions by using ATP
Neurotransmitter is the acetylcholine stored
at the terminal end of axon
PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
CRANIAL NERVES AND SPINAL NERVES
STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF THE CRANIAL MENINGES