PUBLIC SPEAKING

 PREPARED AND IMPROMPTU

 SPEAKING EFFECTIVELY
 MANAGING NERVOUSNESS
 Prepared Speech

 PURPOSE To evaluate each contestant’s

ability to prepare and present clearly and
effectively a series of thoughts relating to a
central theme.
Impromptu Speech
 a speech that involves a five- to eight-
minute speech with a characteristically
short preparation time of one to seven
minutes.
How to write a speech:
 The basic speech format is simple. It
consists of three parts:
 an opening or introduction
 the body where the bulk of the information
is given
 and an ending (or summary).
Tips:
 Build rapport with the audience
 Write the sequence of your ideas to ensure they
are logical and easily followed -explain or illustrate your
point with examples from your research.
 Check the "tone" of your language, length of your
speech and read the outloud.
 The ideal ending is highly memorable. You want it to
live on in the minds of your listeners long after your
speech is finished. 
SPEAKING
EFFECTIVELY
Speaking Effectively
1. PURPOSE
-know your purpose
-be clear about what you want to say and
how to say it
-clarify the points with your lecturer
-know your purpose will steer you towards
what you want to say.
Speaking Effectively
2. AUDIENCE
-know your audience
-check up on who they are
-have background knowledge on what you
are going to say.
-maintain a good rapport with your audience
-involve them (ask them question)
Speaking Effectively
3. PREPARATION

-research your subject matter well, check your

facts and figures
-go over what you have to say until you are familiar
with it
-rehearse what you want to say.
-watch you body language, are you communicating
properly with the way you dress, your gestures
and facial expressions?
Speaking Effectively
4. REMEMBERING WHAT TO SAY
- If you cannot remember everything in your
head and speak from your memory, you can
use:
(i) Palm cards-write only key words to remind
you at a glance
(ii) Association – associate key parts of your talk
with objects or activities.(oil pollution = petrol
station)
(iii) Memorizing- be careful and not be like a robot
Speaking Effectively
5. ORGANIZATION
- Organize the notes and the equipment you
are going to use.
- If system breaks down make sure you
have back up plan
(eg need a whiteboard to draw the graph)
Speaking Effectively
6. OVERCOMING NERVOUSNESS
(i) Breath in deeply (about ten times)
(ii) Loosen you body, shake you arms and hands.
(iii) Look at the audience and see them as your
friends – non threatening environment
(iv) Be well prepared- will be more confidence
(v) Believe in yourself and tell yourself you can do
it
(vi) Develop a positive attitude.
Speaking Effectively
7. WORDS, VOICE AND BODY LANGUAGE

- Words effects 7% of the effect on the

audience, while 38% on voice and 55%
from visual, gestures, facial expression
and body language.
(Prof. Albert Mehrabian)
- voice, volume, poise
Speaking Effectively
8. SPEED
- Be moderate
- Speed up and slow down

9. BREVITY
- How long should a talk be?
- Stand up, speak out and shut up
Speaking Effectively
10. HUMOUR
- crack jokes
- good timing

11. VISUAL AID

- Should be relevant
- Don’t read notes shown on slides- just
point out significance of the notes
- Don’t fill up a visual aid with many words
and pictures
Speaking Effectively
12. CONCLUDING YOUR TALK

- Sum up, ask question, emphasizing /

dramatizing one final point.
- Appreciate to the audience
Managing your nervousness
 Only through preparation.
 Speakers who fail to prepare are preparing to
fail.
 Anyone who thinks that giving an effective
presentation is easy has either been giving the
same tired talk for a very long time or is lacking
in emotional intelligence.
Managing your nervousness
 Those respondents who report feeling very
comfortable about giving a formal presentation
probably remember three important ideas:
1. The audience doesn't know that you are
nervous;
2. You have the knowledge that your audience
needs;
3. It's much easier to talk about your area of
expertise than it is to give a talk on something
that is unfamiliar (like impromptu talk).
Managing your nervousness
 Psychological Reactions
If you watch yourself on video, you will notice that you
look more composed than you feel. This is heartening!
 Don't try to be perfect; rather, try to have a good
conversation with your audience so that they will benefit
from your talk. If you believe that you must be a perfect
speaker, then you will fail.
 Don't act. Be yourself and demonstrate to your audience
that you care about their needs more than you do your
own level of comfort.
Managing your nervousness
 Psychological Reactions
If you watch yourself on video, you will notice that you
look more composed than you feel. This is heartening!
 Don't try to be perfect; rather, try to have a good
conversation with your audience so that they will benefit
from your talk. If you believe that you must be a perfect
speaker, then you will fail.
 Don't act. Be yourself and demonstrate to your audience
that you care about their needs more than you do your
own level of comfort.
 There are three ways to deal with
nervousness:
...... - Expect it
.......- Accept it
.......- Manage it
Just before your talk:
 Breathe deeply
 Remember that you are an expert, not a
victim
 Keep in mind that your audience wants
you to succeed
 Remember that you will not die of public
speaking. No one ever has.
 Work off excess energy with isometrics
SPEAKING
EFFECTIVELY