Intra-clergy conflict

and creole
nationalism
clergy’s conflict on parishes- secularization- cavite
mutiny-GOMBURZA-national awakening leading
to Revolution)
Objectives:

01 02

Construct a narrative of the Explain the role of the creole

historical circumstances nationalist movement in 1872 to
leading to the Cavite Mutiny the Propaganda Movement
and execution of
GOMBURZA
Pedro Pelaez, the leader
of the Filipino Clergy

Pagsanjan, 29 June 1812

• Pelaez fought for the secularization of Filipino priests

and is considered the "Godfather of the Philippine
Revolution."
• Started an ecclesiastical career with the Dominicans
• The man of the Manila Cabildo
 Timeline of Important Events of conflict leading to the Cavite
Mutiny- GOMBURZA
-

1 2 3 4
Cedula of 1849 protest led by Pelaez and Cedula of 1861 and the March 1862 Pelaez
Gomez, (Leader of secular Clergy's Struggle planned for a forceful
Clerical Protest) for equality intervention

5 6 6 7
Death of Pelaez; other priests series of events liberal regime of Carlos Ma. Cavite Revolt/Cavite
took his place in fighting for followed; Burgos dela Torre soon replaced by Mutiny - death of the
the secularization replaces Pelaez Rafael de Izguierdo GOMBURZA-
movement(GOMBURZA) Revolution

Carlos María de la Torre y Navacerrada
Governor-General of the Philippines from
1869 to 1871
Rafael Izquierdo y Gutiérrez
Governor-General of the Philippines from
April 4, 1871 to January 8, 1873.
The Cavite Mutiny toward a
definitive History
The 1872 revolt in Cavite is generally seen as a mutiny of Filipino Soldiers and arsenal workers
over local grievances, so often portraying it as instigated by the friars with the intention of
eliminating the priests and lawyers agitating for reforms

local grievances + separist

revolt = cavite mutiny

according to Governor Izquierdo

 GOMBURZA
known for their secularization movement

Mariano Gomez
designated as the head/parish priest of Bacoor, Cavite

Jose Burgos
Spaniard born in the Philippines. He is also the parish priest of
Manila Cathedral

Jacinto Zamora
Spaniard born in the Philippines. He is also the parish priest of
Marikina
Timeline during the Cavite Mutiny

5
1 2 Proving the
January 20, 1872 the The arrests of Fr.
3 4 innocence of
Cavite Mutiny began Burgos, Fr. Gomez Confession of Death of GOMBURZA. The 3
and others Francisco Zaldua GOMBURZA martyrs.
 FRANCISCO ZALDUA

Francisco Zaldua had gone to the Cavite

shipyard to convince the workers to join an
uprising he claimed was headed by Fr. Burgos
and some prominent lawyers in Manila.

Francisco Zaldus testified repeatedly to General

Izquierdo that Burgos, Mariano, Gomez, and Guevera
as members of the revolutionary government. He
likely named them in order to save his life.
 The Plan
1 The revolt was to begin after midnight, with a signal by skyrockets

2 Set fires in Tondo to distract the authorities

artillery regiment and part of the infantry would

3
The

take Fort Santiago and signal Cavite with cannon shots

4 Kill all the Spaniards, including the friars, and excluding the women
 The rebels went to arms between 8:00-9:00 in the
evening instead of waiting for the signal from Cavite

Deviations
from the ·
d marines in Cavite and 500 men waiting
The artillery an

in Bacoor had pledged to join the rebels, but the

plan soldiers remained loyal to Spain and the 500

reinforcements were barred from joining the revolt
THE PLANNERS OF
THE REVOLT
Maximo Inoncencio Crisanto de los
Enriquie Paraiso
Reyes
 The revolt in Cavite was not a mere mutiny, but part
of a planned separatist revolution..

The revolution as a whole failed because of the

defection of the committed Filipino troops.

CONCLUSIONS The planners of the revolution were Inoncencio, de

los Reyes, and Paraiso.

Although sentenced to death, they were secretely

commuted by Izquierdo, for being fellow Masons.

The immediate instigators in Cavite were Zaldua and

Sergeant Lamadrid.
 The three priests executed had nothing to do with
the revolt.ution..

Nor did the priests, lawyers, and businessmen

banished to the Marianas have anything to do with
it.
CONCLUSIONS The accounts stemming from Antonio Regidor,
although containing many factual names and events,
are not reliable narratives of the revolt and its
causes.

The removal of the exemption of arsenal wokers

from the tribute and compulsory labor was not the
cause of the revolt, even though it may have
contributed to the unrest.

The immediate instigators in Cavite were Zaldua and

Sergeant Lamadrid.
The Propaganda Movement (1872-1892) was the
first Filipino nationalist movement, led by a
Filipino elite and inspired by the protonationalist
activism of figures such as José Burgos and by his
execution at the hands of colonial authorities.
Propagandists were largely young men, often
mestizos and creoles whose families could afford
to send them to study in Spanish universities in
Madrid and Barcelona. There, they encountered
the tumult of 19th century political movements
inspired by Enlightenment thought, individual
rights, constitutionalism, and anti-clericalism.
Propaganda Movement was
created some of the members in
this movement where Jose Rizal, Graciano
Lopez Hina, Marcelo del Pilar and
Mariano Ponce. Propaganda movement
also crated some this first official
newspaper La Solidaridad and its first
headed by Graciano Lopez Hina in 1892
and the Propaganda Movement fled in
Spain.
Jose Rizal went back to the
Philippines in order to established
La Liga Filipina but when Spaniards
heard about this they were
threatened and exiled Rizal in the
Dapital Zamboanga because of what
happened
. La Liga Filipina was split
into two Cuerpo de
Compromisarios, and the other is the
Revolutionary group there was later
called KKK or the Katipunan
"Without 1872, there would not be now a
Plaridel, Jaena or Sanciangco or would
there exist brave and generous Filipino
colonies in Europe; without 1872 Rizal
would be a Jesuit now and instead of
writing Noli Me Tangere, would have
written the opposite..."