Art Nouveau in Graphic Design

Art Nouveau
in Graphic Design
Jules Charet
Eugene Grasset
Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec
Influences
o In the late 1800s, Europeans had

a fascination with anything
Japanese
o One of the most popular imports

was the Japanese woodblock
print called the Ukiyo-e or
“pictures of the floating world”
Woodblock print, Hiroshige, Japan

1857
Influences
o Another source of inspiration for

Art Nouveau came from painters
like Van Gogh and his swirling
forms
“The Yellow Corn”, Vincent Van

Gogh, Netherlands 1889
Influences
o Other paintings like that of Dega
with simplified figures and
silhouettes were also influential
Les Café-Concert Des Ambassadeurs,

Edgar Degas, France 1877
Influences
o Graphic Art Nouveau pieces were
painted, drawn, and printed in
popular forms such
as advertisements, posters,
labels, magazines, book-
covers and the like
Arthur Macmurdo’s book-cover

for Wren's City Churches (1883)
Jules Chéret (May 31, 1836 – September 23,
1932)
o French painter and Lithographer
o Master of Belle Epoque poster art
o the Father of the Modern Poster

1932)
o Three-year apprenticeship with a

lithographer at 13
o Took an art course at the École

Nationale de Dessin
o 1859 to 1866, he was trained in

lithography in London, England
Lithography
o (from Greek λίθος - lithos, 'stone'
+ γράφω - graphο, 'to write') is a
method for printing using a stone
(lithographic limestone) or a
metal plate with a completely
smooth surface.
o the positive part of an image is

a hydrophobic, or "water hating"
substance, while the negative
image would be hydrophilic or
"water loving”
1932)
o New lithographic technique that
suited better the needs of
advertisers
o More color which, in conjunction

with innovative typography,
rendered the poster much more
expressive
Foiles-Berger, La loie Fuller - “The

Fire Dancer”, Jules Cheret 1897
1932)
o Influenced by Japanese
woodblock prints which usually
have a black outline filled with
flat or graduated color
o Images designed as simplified

abstract shapes and silhouettes
Poster advertising the Palais de Glace,

Champs Elysees, Jules Cheret
1932)
o 'Orphée aux Enfers‘ was his first

ever sold in poster in 1858
o Eugene Rimmel financed Chéret's

lithography studio
o First success was the poster 'La

Biche au Bois' (1866)
“Orphée aux Enfers”, Jules Cheret,

1858
1932)
o 'Orphée aux Enfers‘ was his first

ever sold in poster in 1858
o Eugene Rimmel financed Chéret's

lithography studio
o First success was the poster 'La

Biche au Bois' (1866)
“La biche au Bois”, Jules Cheret,

1866
1932)
o created vivid poster ads for
the cabarets, music halls, and
theaters such as the Eldorado,
the Olympia, the Folies
Bergères, Theatre de l'Opera,
the Alcazar d'Été and the Moulin
Rouge
o influence by the scenes of frivolity

depicted in the works
of Rococo artists
o Providing advertisements for the

plays of touring troupes, municipal
festivals, and then for beverages and
liquors, perfumes, soaps, cosmetics
and pharmaceutical products
o Became a major advertising force
'Ball at the Moulin Rouge, Place

Blanche', 1889
1932)
o created vivid poster ads for
the cabarets, music halls, and
theaters such as the Eldorado,
the Olympia, the Folies
Bergères, Theatre de l'Opera,
the Alcazar d'Été and the Moulin
Rouge
o influence by the scenes of frivolity

depicted in the works
of Rococo artists
o Providing advertisements for the

plays of touring troupes, municipal
festivals, and then for beverages and
liquors, perfumes, soaps, cosmetics
and pharmaceutical products
o Became a major advertising force
Vin Mariani, advertisement for tonic

wine, Jules Cheret
1932)
o Father of the
Women's Liberation
1932)
o Previously been depicted in art as

prostitutes or puritans. The
women of Chéret's posters,
joyous, elegant and lively
o 'Cherettes‘
o Often wearing low-cut bodices,

drinking, and smoking in public
Poster advertising 'Quinquina

Dubonnet' aperitif, 1895
1932)

o 'Cherettes‘

Poster Advertising the 1896 Carnival

at the Theatre de l'Opera, 15th
February 1896
1932)

o 'Cherettes‘

Poster advertising 'Pippermint', Jules

Cheret, 1899
1932)
Maîtres de l'Affiche
o Masters of the Poster series from

1895-1900
o A significant art publication of

smaller sized reproductions
featuring the best works of
ninety-seven Parisian artists
Confetti, Henri de Toulouse-

Lautrec (French, 1864-1901)
1932)
Maîtres de l'Affiche
o Masters of the Poster series from

1895-1900
o A significant art publication of

smaller sized reproductions
featuring the best works of
ninety-seven Parisian artists
Salon des Cent, Grasset Eugene, 1898

1932)
o Chevalier of the Légion d'Honneur

(1890)
o ‘The creator of an art industry', in

turning commercial art into a
recognised art form
Eugène Grasset (May 25, 1845 – October
23, 1917)
o Swiss decorative artist
o worked in Paris, France in a

variety of creative design fields
during the Belle Époque
o active in all areas of applied art,

including furniture design, book
illustrations, and posters
o son of a cabinet designer/maker

and sculptor
23, 1917)
o studied drawing under Francois-

Louis David Bocion
o studied architecture at Zurich

(1861)
o visited Egypt
The June Century, Eugene Grasset,

1895
23, 1917)
o worked as a painter and sculptor
in Lausanne, 1869
o designed furniture fabrics and

tapestries as well as ceramics and
jewelry, Paris 1871
o turned to graphic design,

producing income-generating
products such as postcards and
eventually postage stamps for
both France and Switzerland,
1877
23, 1917)
o became part of the Maîtres de

l'Affiche including his lithograph,
"Jeanne d'Arc Sarah Bernhardt“
Jeanne d'Arc Sarah Bernhardt,

Eugene Grasset, 1899
23, 1917)
o illustrator of the stories "Le Petit

Nab" (1877) and "Histoire de
quatre fils Aymon" (1883).
o the facade of the Hôtel de Dumas

in Paris
o mosaics in Saint Etienne in Braire
o stained glass windows in the

cathedral at Orléans
o carpet patterns, decorative iron,

jewelry, calenders, postage
stamps, etc.
Cover, Le Petit Nab, Grasset,

1877
23, 1917)
o illustrator of the stories "Le Petit

Nab" (1877) and "Histoire de
quatre fils Aymon" (1883).
o the facade of the Hôtel de Dumas

in Paris
o mosaics in Saint Etienne in Braire
o stained glass windows in the

cathedral at Orléans
o carpet patterns, decorative iron,

jewelry, calenders, postage
stamps, etc.
Cover, Histoire de quatre fils Aymon,

Grasset, 1883
23, 1917)
o 1890, he designed the "Semeuse"

logo used by the dictionary
publishers, Éditions Larousse
Le Premiere Semeuse Realisee,

Eugene Grasset, 1890
23, 1917)
o 1880s, he did his first American

commission
o did cover design for the 1892

Christmas issue of Harper's
Magazine
o helped pave the way for Art

Nouveau to dominate American
art
o 1894 created "The Wooly Horse"

and "The Sun of Austerlitz"
for The Century Magazine to help
advertise their serialized story on
the life of Napoleon Bonaparte
Cover, Christmas Issue, Harper’s

Magazine, Grasset 1892
23, 1917)
o taught design at École

Guérin (from 1890 to 1903),
at École d’Art graphique from
Madame street (from 1903 to
1904), at Académie de la Grande
Chaumière (from 1904 to 1913)
and at École Estienne in Paris
Grasset Typeface
o Introduced by the G. Peignot et

Fils typefoundry at the Universal
Exhibition of 1900 in Paris
o an Italic design Eugène Grasset

created in 1898 for use on some
of his posters
Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec (24 November
1864 – 9 September 1901)
o a French painter, printmaker,
draughtsman, and illustrator
o known along with Cézanne, Van

Gogh, and Gauguin as one of the
greatest painters of the Post-
Impressionist period
Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec (24 November 1864 –
9 September 1901)
o firstborn child of Comte Alphonse

and Comtesse Adèle de Toulouse-
Lautrec (first cousins)
o Member of an aristocratic family

that are descendants of
Charlemagne
9 September 1901)
o Pycnodysostosis (also sometimes
known as Toulouse-Lautrec
Syndrome)
o only 1.52 m (5 ft) tall
o adult-sized torso, while retaining

his child-sized legs
1864 – 9 September 1901)
o Mentored by Rene Princeteau who

specialized in horses
o Studied under portrait painter

Léon Bonnat & then Fernand
Cormon at Montmarte
o Met first prostitute, Marie-

Charloute
At the Circus Fernando, Toulouse-

Lautrec, 1888
1864 – 9 September 1901)
o Mentored by Rene Princeteau who

specialized in horses
o Studied under portrait painter

Léon Bonnat & then Fernand
Cormon at Montmarte
o Met first prostitute, Marie-

Charloute
1864 – 9 September 1901)
Moulin Rouge
o the dancer Louise Weber, aka La

Goulue ("The Glutton") who
created the "French Can-Can“
o dancer Jane Avril
o singer Yvette Guilbert
Moulin Rouge - La Goulue poster,

Toulouse-Lautres, 1891
9 September 1901)
Moulin Rouge

o dancer Jane Avril
Jane Avril, Toulouse-Lautres, 1891

1864 – 9 September 1901)
Moulin Rouge

o dancer Jane Avril
Yvette Guilbert Le photographe,

Place pigeon, 9, Toulouse-Lautres,
1894
1864 – 9 September 1901)
Moulin Rouge
o Was portrayed by John Leguizamo

in Moulin Rouge! (2001)
1864 – 9 September 1901)
London
o 'Confetti' poster and the bicycle

advert 'La Chaîne Simpson‘
o befriended Oscar Wilde
1864 – 9 September 1901)
o mocked for his short stature and

physical appearance, and this led
him to drown his sorrows in
alcohol
o cocktail "Earthquake"
or Tremblement de Terre
(Absinthe + cognac)
o Syphilis
o Institutionalized
o Died at 36
Jules Charet showing Henri Toulouse-
Lautrec his poster of Moulin Rouge
1864 – 9 September 1901)
o 737 canvases, 275 watercolours,

363 prints and posters, 5,084
drawings
o Inspired by impressionists Manet

and Degas
o Japanese woodprints
La Blanchisseuse (The Laundress),

Toulouse-Lautrec, 1884
1864 – 9 September 1901)
o capturing people in their working

environment
o colour and the movement of the

gaudy night-life present, but the
glamour stripped away
o capturing crowd scenes in which

the figures are highly individualised
o Bold brushstrokes & defined lines
A Corner of the Moulin de la Galette,

Toulouse-Lautrec, 1892
1864 – 9 September 1901)

environment


the figures are highly
individualised
Marcelle Lender on stage, Toulous-

Lautrec, 1895
1864 – 9 September 1901)

environment


individualised
The Medical Inspection at the Rue

des Moulins Brothel. Toulouse-
Lautrec, 1894
1864 – 9 September 1901)

environment


individualised
Jane Avril Leaving the Moulin Rouge,

1892

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Art Nouveau

o In the late 1800s, Europeans had

o One of the most popular imports

Woodblock print, Hiroshige, Japan

o Another source of inspiration for

“The Yellow Corn”, Vincent Van

Les Café-Concert Des Ambassadeurs,

Arthur Macmurdo’s book-cover

o French painter and Lithographer

o Master of Belle Epoque poster art

o the Father of the Modern Poster

o Three-year apprenticeship with a

o Took an art course at the École

o 1859 to 1866, he was trained in

o the positive part of an image is

o More color which, in conjunction

Foiles-Berger, La loie Fuller - “The

o Images designed as simplified

Poster advertising the Palais de Glace,

o 'Orphée aux Enfers‘ was his first

o Eugene Rimmel financed Chéret's

o First success was the poster 'La

“Orphée aux Enfers”, Jules Cheret,

o 'Orphée aux Enfers‘ was his first

o Eugene Rimmel financed Chéret's

o First success was the poster 'La

“La biche au Bois”, Jules Cheret,

o influence by the scenes of frivolity

o Providing advertisements for the

o Became a major advertising force

'Ball at the Moulin Rouge, Place

o influence by the scenes of frivolity

o Providing advertisements for the

o Became a major advertising force

Vin Mariani, advertisement for tonic

o Previously been depicted in art as

o Often wearing low-cut bodices,

Poster advertising 'Quinquina

o Previously been depicted in art as

o Often wearing low-cut bodices,

Poster Advertising the 1896 Carnival

o Previously been depicted in art as

o Often wearing low-cut bodices,

Poster advertising 'Pippermint', Jules

o Masters of the Poster series from

o A significant art publication of

Confetti, Henri de Toulouse-

o Masters of the Poster series from

o A significant art publication of

Salon des Cent, Grasset Eugene, 1898

o Chevalier of the Légion d'Honneur

o ‘The creator of an art industry', in

o Swiss decorative artist

o worked in Paris, France in a

o active in all areas of applied art,

o son of a cabinet designer/maker

o studied drawing under Francois-

o studied architecture at Zurich

The June Century, Eugene Grasset,

o designed furniture fabrics and

o turned to graphic design,

o became part of the Maîtres de

Jeanne d'Arc Sarah Bernhardt,