Module 6

EMERGENCY
PREPAREDNESS
I. SCOPE

A.Emergency Preparedness
B.Disaster Management
C.Basic First Aid
II. OBJECTIVES
 At the end of the module, students are
able to:

A. Identify the proper measures in giving

immediate care
B. Apply proper basic first aid
C. Appriciate the Importance and Values of
First Aid Training. 
Emergency Preparedness
 

refers to the steps you take to make sure you

are safe before, during, and after an
emergency or natural disaster.

These plans are important for your safety in

both natural disasters and man-made
disasters.
Should You Prepare?
Preparation is the best method of coping
with devastating long-term effects.

Threats of bioterrorism, disease outbreak,

and even other emergencies that could
greatly impact you and your community.
Why should you prepare

After a disaster, local officials and relief

workers may not be able to reach everyone
immediately. depending on the disaster,
assistance could be days or weeks away.
Would your family be prepared to cope with
an emergency until help arrives?
How to Prepare
Make sure to have a family communication
plan in place; all members of the family
should review and practice the plan
Have all family members' and other
important phone numbers written down or
memorized
Have an emergency kit in your car and at
least three days of food and water at home
Be sure to store all important documents –
birth certificates, insurance policies, etc. – in
a fire-proof safe or safety deposit box
Assign one family member the responsibility
of learning first aid and CPR
Know how to shut off utilities
Natural Disaster

Natural disasters are extreme, sudden events

caused by environmental factors that injure
people and damage property. 
Flood

Failing to evacuate flooded areas, entering

flood waters, or remaining after a flood has
passed can result in injury or death. Flooding
is a temporary overflow of water onto land
that is normally dry.
What to do?
Do not walk, swim, or drive through flood
waters. Turn Around, Don’t Drown!
Stay off of bridges over fast-moving water.
Evacuate if told to do so.
Move to higher ground or a higher floor.
Gather supplies in case you have to leave
immediately, or if services are cut off.
Keep in mind each person’s specific needs,
including medication.
Don’t forget the needs of pets.
Obtain extra batteries and charging devices for
phones and other critical equipment.
TSUNAMI

A tsunami is a series of enormous ocean

waves caused by earthquakes, underwater
landslides, volcanic eruptions, or asteroids.
What to do?

First, protect yourself from an

Earthquake. Drop, Cover, then Hold On.
Get to high ground as far inland as possible.
Be alert to signs of a tsunami, such as a
sudden rise or draining of ocean waters.
Listen to emergency information and alerts.
Evacuate: DO NOT wait! Leave as soon as
you see any natural signs of a tsunami or
receive an official tsunami warning.
If you are in a boat, go out to sea.
EARTHQUAKE
An earthquake is the sudden, rapid shaking
of the earth, caused by the breaking and
shifting of underground rock. Earthquakes
can cause buildings to collapse and cause
heavy items to fall, resulting in injuries and
property damage.
What to do?
Practice Drop, Cover, then Hold On with
family and coworkers. Drop to your hands
and knees. Cover your head and neck with
your arms. Crawl under a sturdy table or desk
if nearby. Hold on to any sturdy furniture
until the shaking stops. If a table or desk is
not close, crawl next to an interior wall.
LANDSLIDES
In a landslide, masses of rock, earth or
debris move down a slope. Debris and mud
flows are rivers of rock, earth, and other
debris saturated with water. They develop
during intense rainfall, runoff, or rapid
snowmelt, changing the earth into a flowing
river of mud or “slurry.”
What to do?
To begin preparing, you should build an
emergency kit and make a family
communications plan.
Connect with your local emergency services,
heed evacuation warnings.
Leave if you have been told to evacuate or
you feel it is unsafe to remain in your home. 
Disaster Management
Republic Act (RA) No. 10121 otherwise
known as Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction
and Management Act of 2010 which was
enacted on May 27, 2010 was established to
strengthen the Philippine Disaster Risk
Reduction (DRR) system.
It specifically provides for the development
of policies, plans and the implementation of
actions and measures pertaining to all aspects
of disaster risk reduction and management,
including good governance, risk assessment
and early warning, knowledge building and
awareness raising, reducing underlying risk
factors, and preparedness for effective
response and early recovery (COA, 2014).
 Disaster

Sudden catastrophic event leading to

disruption of life patterns in a certain locality
that will lead to the loss of life and property
in addition to multiple injuries
 Events leading to a disaster
20% of population are affected and in need of
assistance
40% of the means of livelihood are destroyed
Major roads and bridges are destroyed and
impassable at least 1 week
Widespread destruction of fishponds, crops,
poultry and livestock, and other agricultural
products
Four phases of emergency
management
Mitigation
• Measures taken in advance of a disaster
• Minimizing vulnerability and hazard/risk
(immunization, public education).
• Developing early warning system.
• Hazard risk identification and assessment.
Preparedness
Prepare people to react appropriately during
and after disasters.
Education and training of local officials,
volunteers and conduct of drills
Establish and strengthen capacities of
communities to anticipate, cope and recover
form negative impacts.
Response
Measure taken immediately prior to and
following an emergency
Directed towards saving life, protecting
property, and dealing with the immediate
damage
Search and rescue, cleaning debris,
feeding and sheltering
Recovery and rehabilitation
Short Term – Restoring lifeline systems
( power, communication, water and sewage,
transportation).
Long Term – Economic activity, Facilities
and housing
As defined in RA 10121 (2010),
"Disaster Risk Reduction and Management"
> refers to the systematic process of using
administrative directives, organizations,
and operational skills and capacities to
implement strategies, policies and
improved coping capacities in order to
lessen the adverse impacts of hazards and
the possibility of disaster.
Community-based Disaster Risk Reduction
and Management for preparedness

> Emergency plan

> Monitoring and Evaluation
> Early Warning Systems
> Survival kits and materials
Three Phases in Response to
a Disaster
Alarm Phase - concerned with the immediate
activation of adequate and appropriate
resources.

Work Phase - the implementation of the

prepared action plan which include the
elements of rescue.

Let-Down Phase - recovery of all the persons

(victims and rescuers) involved in the disaster.
Basic First Aid

 Immediate care given to a person who has

been injured or suddenly taken ill when
medical service is not available.
 A first aider’s overall aim should be
to preserve life. Other aims of first aid
include prevent the worsening of the
patient’s condition and to promote
recovery.
Roles and Responsibilities of
a First Aider
Assess the situation quickly and calmly
Protect yourself and them from any danger
Prevent infection between you and them
Assess the casualty and give first aid
treatment
Bridge that fills the gap between the victim
and the physician.
Characteristics of a Good First
Aider
Gentle
Resourceful
Observant
Tactful
Empathetic
Hindrances in Giving First
Aid

Unfavorable surroundings.
Presence of crowds.
Pressure from victim or relatives.
How to deal with an
Emergency
S- urvey the scene
I- ntroduce your self
R- esponsiveness
A. Verbal
B. Mechanical
C. Oral
A- ctive for help
Survey the Scene

Is the scene safe?

 What happened?
 How many are injured?
Are there bystanders who could help?
Introduce your self
Say your name
Let the patient know you are a first aider.
Let the by standers know your trained first
aider.
Responsiveness
Verbal- speak loud and clear and ask the
patient about his/her injury.
Mechanical- ask the patient if he/she can
move the injured part.
Oral- if the victim is unconscious check if
there are obstructions in his/her mouth.
Do a Primary Check on the
Victim
Check for responsiveness;
 If unresponsive, shout for help;
 Position the victim if necessary;
 Open the Airway;
 Check for Breathing;
 If breathless, give two initial ventilation;
 Check for Pulse;
 Activate Medical Assistance;
 Do necessary first aid measures.
Do a Secondary Check on the
Victim
Interview the victim;
Determine if breathing, pulse and body
temperature are normal;
Look for other injuries.
Do a Secondary Check on the
Victim
Interview the victim;
Determine if breathing, pulse and body
temperature are normal;
Look for other injuries.
Activity 1:
Role Play
I. Students will be grouped into five.
II. Each group will be choosing from the
different disasters and try to perform how
to manage and be emergency prepared.
III. Each group will only be given 3 to 5
minutes to perform.
IV. Groups will be graded based on a rubrics
to be presented by the instructor.
Activity 2:

• Students will create a poster slogan about

emergency preparedness.
• Each student will present and explain his/her
output.
Materials:
1. Manila paper
2. Drawing material
3. Writing materials