L/D Ratio,

Best Angle of Climb,

Best Rate of Climb

Jeff
A330
 L/D RATIO
•There are four forces that
act on an aircraft in flight:
• A. LIFT
• B. WEIGHT
• C. THRUST
• D. DRAG
•The motion of the aircraft
through the air depends
on the size of the various
forces.
 The 4 force
The weight of an airplane is determined by the size
and materials used in the airplane's construction and
on the payload and fuel that the airplane carries.
The thrust is determined by the size and type of
propulsion system used on the airplane and on the
throttle setting selected by the pilot.

Lift and drag are aerodynamic forces that depend on

the shape and size of the aircraft, air conditions, and
the flight velocity.
•Because LIFT and DRAG are both aerodynamic
forces, the ratio of lift to drag is an indication of
the aerodynamic efficiency of the airplane.
An airplane has a high L/D ratio if it produces a
large amount of lift or a small amount of drag.

Because under cruise conditions lift is equal to

weight, a high lift aircraft can carry a large payload.
And because under cruise conditions thrust is equal
to drag, a low drag aircraft requires low thrust.
 Climb Angle
•The climb angle is the
angle of the Flight Path
measured from the
horizon.
•TAS is the magnitude
of the velocity in the
direction of flight.
•Vertical speed is the
velocity upwards at
right angle to the
horizon.
 Rate Of Climb
•Above we developed the equation for angle of
climb.

•Solving this equation for vertical speed we get:

•But, thrust time velocity equals power. Therefore,

excess thrust time velocity is the excess power
(Px).
 Conclusion
L/D ratio, is the amount of lift generated by a wing
divided by the drag it creates by moving through the air.

Vx, is the indicated airspeed for “best angle of climb”.

Climbing at Vx allows pilots to maximize the altitude gain
per unit ground distance.

Vy, is the indicated airspeed for “best rate of climb”.

Climbing at Vy allows pilots to maximize the altitude gain
per unit time.
A330-200 Green Dot Speed
Thanks