FOLDER PLATES

BASIC ELEMENTS FOLDER PLATES are assemblies of flat plates rigidly

They consist of,
1) the inclined plates,
2) edge plates which must be used to stiffen
the wide plates,
3) stiffeners to carry the loads to the
supports and to hold the plates in line, and
4) columns to support the structure in the air.
connected together along their edges in such a way that
the structural system capable of carrying loads without
the need for additional supporting beams along mutual
edges.
FOLDED PLATE BEHAVIORS :

Inclined plates
• Each plate is assumed to act as a beam in its own plane,
Edge plates this assumption is justified when the ratio of the span
"length" of the plate to its height "width" is large
enough. But when this ratio is small, the plate behaves as
a deep beam

•Folded plates distribute load along the surfaces of the

plates and along the seams between the folds, across
three dimensions, producing structures composed of
Columns surface and linear elements. The distinguishing feature
of it is the ease of forming plane surfaces.
STRUCTURAL CONDITION OF FOLDING STRUCTURES

LOAD DISTRIBUTION:

 At first, the external forces are transferred

to the shorter edge of one folding element.

 There, the reaction as an axial force is

divided between the adjacent elements.

 Then the forces transferred to the bearings.

TYPES OF FOLDED PLATES
• Prismatic : if they consist of rectangular plates.
• Pyramidal : when non-rectangular plates are used.
• Prismoidal , triangular or trapezoidal.
BASED ON THE GEOMETRY, IT IS
DIVIDED INTO THREE PARTS:
 Folded plate surfaces structures
 Folded plate frames structures
 Spatial folded plate structures
The shape of folded structures affects the transmission of load and
direction of relying of folded structures. Based on these parameters we
can do the division in :

• Linear folded plate structure,

• Radial folded plate structure,
• Spatial folded plate structure.

Assumptions For the analysis of Folded Plates :

•Material is homogenous, elastic, isotropic, Hook's Law is valid,
thickness of plate is small when compared to plate dimensions.

•Problem will be treated as one-dimension if plate is assumed

to behave in beam action, but in two dimensions if based on
the theory of elasticity.

•Joints are assumed to be rigid enough.

 FEW EXAMPLES
ALSO, MATERIAL TYPOLOGY
REINFORCED CONCRETE

• Concrete is the most commonly applied material for creases.

• Most commonly applied form of the crease is a "V" shape whose static height depends on the range and load.

Custom Houses at Finnish Border

 International Convention and Exposition Centre, Nanning, China,
Architects- Meinhard von Gerkan and Nikolaus Goetze

METAL FOLDED PLATES

• Metal folded structures can be derived from trapezoidal sheet or truss.

• Height of trapezoidal plate affects the size of a range that can also handle its load capacity.
 FOLDED STRUCTURES OF WOOD
• Folded structures made of wood are easy to transport, handle and assembly.
• This type of prefabricated folds on the basis of the primary supporting structure of a fold segment can be divided into: panel
and truss.
 Notre Dame de Royane, France
FOLDED STRUCTURES OF POLYESTER RESIN
• Semi-transparent polyester resin, so it does not form any holes, and the light that passes through the body is sufficient
for lighting during the day.
• The facility conceived in this way is very light, simple to maintain, and built by the system of prefabrication.
 Mezzanine ceiling Miami Marine Stadium,
called "Kielsteg" Florida

 As ROOF STRUCTURE

 As FLOOR STRUCTURE
Securing The Church of Notre Dame
Foundation Pit With de Royan, France
Larsen Planks


 As STEEL SHEET PILES

As WALL STRUCTURE
ITS APPLICATIONS
 Advantages and Disadvantages of Folded-Plate Structure

Advantages: Disadvantages:
 Longer span can be provided.  Shuttering is difficult.
 Very light form of construction. To span 30 m, shell  Greater accuracy in formwork is required.
thickness required is 60 mm only.  Good labor and supervision necessary.
 The use of concrete as a building material reduces  Rise of roof may be a disadvantage.
both materials cost and a construction cost.
 Flat shapes by choosing certain arched shapes.
 Esthetically it looks good over other forms of
construction.
CASE STUDY:
TYPE- TRIANGULAR
1. OKHLA MANDI SPAN- 8 METRES (PITCH TO PITCH)
LENGTH- 35 METRES
CONST. MATERIAL- RCC