DYNAMICS OF

RIGID BODIES
ENGR. BILLY RAY M. OLDAN, MSEE
Learning Objectives

 At the end of the discussion, students will be able to

 Learn different terminologies about Dynamics

 Derive the formulas in Rectilinear Motion
 Solve problems involving Rectilinear Motion
INTRODUCTION
Mechanics is a branch of the physical science that is
concerned with the state at rest or motion of bodies
subjected to the action of forces.

Dynamics is the branch of mechanics that deals with

the study of bodies in motion.
BRANCHES OF DYNAMICS
Kinematics (geometry of motion) is the branch of
dynamics which describes the motion of a particle or
body without consideration of the forces causing
the motion.

Kinetics is the branch of dynamics that relates the

force acting on a body to its mass and
acceleration.
RECTILINEAR MOTION
(Kinematics in one dimension)

-A type of motion in w/c the body moves in a straight

line or is moving in the direction parallel to its
displacement.
Velocity

  Is a vector quantity.
 If an object undergoes vector displacement
(change in displacement) in a time internal, t,
then,


Acceleration

  Measures the time rate-of-change of velocity


 𝐕 𝐟 =𝐕 𝒊+ 𝐚𝐭
 
 
 

 
S (t)
  
where:


= initial velocity ( time = 0)

= final velocity ( time = 0)
= displacement
= acceleration

Note: Use (+) if accelerating and (–) if decelerating

EXAMPLE
What is the acceleration of the body that
increases in velocity from 20 m/s to 40 m/s in 3
seconds?
SOLUTION

  

40-20= a (3)
a = 6.67 m/
EXAMPLE

How far does an automobile move while its speed

increases uniformly from 15 kph to 45 kph in 20
seconds?
SOLUTION
  

→ Eq. 1
15 kph= 4.167 m/s
45 kph= 12.5 m/s
Substitute to Eq. 1:

12.5 = 4.167 + a(20)

a= 0.41665 m/


S = 4.167 (20) + (0.41665)() ; S = 167 m

EXAMPLE
An  automobile (A1) is moving at a constant


velocity of a 15 m/s passes a gasoline station.

Two seconds later, another automobile (A2)
leaves the gasoline station and accelerates at a
constant rate of 2 m/ .
How soon will the second
automobile overtake the
first?
  Consider A1


 Eq. 1

 Consider A2
 +
 +
 Eq. 2
  
Equate 1 and 2
Eq. 1
Eq. 2


= 16. 787 and -1.787

Answer = 16.787 seconds
SUPPLEMENTARY PROBLEMS
1.If  a particle’s position is given by the expression


meters, what is the acceleration of the particle after t = 5

seconds?
2. A man driving his car at 45 mph suddenly sees an
object in the road 60 ft. ahead. What constant
deceleration is required to stop the car in this distance?
SUPPLEMENTARY PROBLEMS

3.  A train upon passing point A at a speed of 72



kph accelerates at 0.75 m/ for a minute along a

straight path then decelerates at 1.0 m/. How far in
kilometers from point A will it be 2 minutes after
passing point A?